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Journal Article
- Identification of avaC from Human Gut Microbial Isolates that Converts 5AVA to 2-Piperidone.
- Qiudi Zhou, Lihui Feng
- J. Microbiol. 2024;62(5):367-379. Published online June 17, 2024
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00141-0
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Abstract
- 2-piperidone is a crucial industrial raw material of high-value nylon-5 and nylon-6,5. Currently, a major bottleneck in the biosynthesis of 2-piperidone is the identification of highly efficient 2-piperidone synthases. In this study, we aimed to identify specific strains among 51 human gut bacterial strains capable of producing 2-piperidone and to elucidate its synthetic mechanism. Our findings revealed that four gut bacterial strains, namely Collinsella aerofaciens LFYP39, Collinsella intestinalis LFYP54, Clostridium bolteae LFYP116, and Clostridium hathewayi LFYP18, could produce 2-piperidone from 5-aminovaleric acid (5AVA). Additionally, we observed that 2-piperidone could be synthesized from proline through cross-feeding between Clostridium difficile LFYP43 and one of the four 2-piperidone producing strains, respectively. To identify the enzyme responsible for catalyzing the conversion of 5AVA to 2-piperidone, we utilized a gain-of-function library and identified avaC (5-aminovaleric acid cyclase) in C. intestinalis LFYP54. Moreover, homologous genes of avaC were validated in the other three bacterial strains. Notably, avaC were found to be widely distributed among environmental bacteria. Overall, our research delineated the gut bacterial strains and genes involved in 2-piperidone production, holding promise for enhancing the efficiency of industrial biosynthesis of this compound.
Review
- [Minireview]The rationale and potential for using Lactobacillus in the management of periodontitis
- Jiaqi Wang , Yingman Liu , Weiru Wang , Jiaojiao Ma , Manman Zhang , Xiaoying Lu , Jie Liu , Yurong Kou
- J. Microbiol. 2022;60(4):355-363. Published online March 28, 2022
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1514-4
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- 11 Citations
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Abstract
- Periodontitis refers to a wide range of the inflammatory conditions
of supporting dental structures. For some patients with
periodontitis, antibacterial agents are needed as an adjuvant
to mechanical debridement treatments and oral hygiene maintenance.
However, the widespread use of broad-spectrum antibiotics
for the prophylaxis and treatment of periodontal infections
results
in the emergence of resistant pathogens. Therefore, probiotics have become markedly interesting to researchers as a potentially safe alternative to periodontal treatment and maintenance. Probiotics have been used in medicine for decades and extensively applied to the treatment of inflammatory diseases through the modulation of microbial synergy and other mechanisms. A growing amount of evidence has shown that using Lactobacillus strains for oral cavity maintenance could improve periodontal health. In this study, we reviewed studies showing proof of the inhibitory effects of Lactobacillus species on periodontal inflammation. We also explored the rationale and potential for using Lactobacillus species in the management of periodontitis.
Journal Article
- Genetic characterization of African swine fever virus in Cameroon, 2010–2018
- Abel Wade , Jenna Elizabeth Achenbach , Carmina Gallardo , Tirumala Bharani K. Settypalli , Abdoulkadiri Souley , Gaston Djonwe , Angelika Loitsch , Gwenaelle Dauphin , Jean Justin Essia Ngang , Onana Boyomo , Giovanni Cattoli , Adama Diallo , Charles Euloge Lamien
- J. Microbiol. 2019;57(4):316-324. Published online March 30, 2019
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-019-8457-4
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- 29 Citations
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Abstract
- African swine fever (ASF) is a highly lethal haemorrhagic disease in domestic and wild swine that has acquired great importance in sub-Saharan Africa since 1997. ASF was first reported in Cameroon in 1982 and was detected only in Southern Cameroon (South, West, East, Northwest, Southwest, Littoral, and Centre regions) until February 2010 when suspected ASF outbreaks were reported in the North and Far North regions. We investigated those outbreaks by analysing samples that were collected from sick pigs between 2010 and 2018. We confirmed 428 positive samples by ELISA and realtime PCR and molecularly characterized 48 representative isolates. All the identified virus isolates were classified as ASFV genotype I based on the partial B646L gene (C-terminal end of VP72 gene) and the full E183L gene encoding p54 protein analysis. Furthermore, analysis of the central variable region (CVR) within the B602L gene demonstrated that there were 3 different variants of ASFV genotype I, with 19, 20, and 21 tetrameric tandem repeat sequences (TRSs), that were involved in the 2010–2018 outbreaks in Cameroon. Among them, only variant A (19 TRSs) was identical to the Cam/82 isolate found in the country during the first outbreaks in 1981–1982. This study demonstrated that the three variants of ASFV isolates involved in these outbreaks were similar to those of neighbouring countries, suggesting a movement of ASFV strains across borders. Designing common control measures in affected regions and providing a compensation programme for farmers will help reduce the incidence and spread of this disease.
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