Journal of Microbiology

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RapB Regulates Cell Adhesion and Migration in Dictyostelium, Similar to RapA: Uri Han, Nara Han, Byeonggyu Park, Taeck Joong Jeon; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(8):627-637. Published online June 17, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00143-y

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Abstract: Ras small GTPases act as molecular switches in various cellular signaling pathways, including cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Three Rap proteins are present in Dictyostelium; RapA, RapB, and RapC. RapA and RapC have been reported to have opposing functions in the control of cell adhesion and migration. Here, we investigated the role of RapB, a member of the Ras GTPase subfamily in Dictyostelium, focusing on its involvement in cell adhesion, migration, and developmental processes. This study revealed that RapB, similar to RapA, played a crucial role in regulating cell morphology, adhesion, and migration. rapB null cells, which were generated by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, displayed altered cell size, reduced cell-substrate adhesion, and increased migration speed during chemotaxis. These phenotypes of rapB null cells were restored by the expression of RapB and RapA, but not RapC. Consistent with these results, RapB, similar to RapA, failed to rescue the phenotypes of rapC null cells, spread morphology, increased cell adhesion, and decreased migration speed during chemotaxis. Multicellular development of rapB null cells remained unaffected. These results suggest that RapB is involved in controlling cell morphology and cell adhesion. Importantly, RapB appears to play an inhibitory role in regulating the migration speed during chemotaxis, possibly by controlling cell-substrate adhesion, resembling the functions of RapA. These findings contribute to the understanding of the functional relationships among Ras subfamily proteins.

Sporosarcina jeotgali sp. nov., Sporosarcina oncorhynchi sp. nov., and Sporosarcina trichiuri sp. nov., Isolated from Jeotgal, a Traditional Korean Fermented Seafood: Ah-In Yang, Bora Kim, Sung-Hong Joe, Hae-In Joe, Hanna Choe, Ki Hyun Kim, Min Ok Jun, Na-Ri Shin; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(4):285-296. Published online April 8, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00106-3

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Three novel, Gram-stain-positive, obligate aerobic, catalase- and oxidase-positive bacterial strains, designated B2O-1(T), T2O-4(T), and 0.2-SM1T-5(T), were isolated from jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood. Strains B2O-1(T), T2O-4(T), and 0.2-SM1T-5(T) exhibited distinct colony colors, characterized by pink, yellow, and red opaque circular colonies, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that three strains formed a paraphyletic clade within the genus Sporosarcina and shared < 99.0% similarity with Sporosarcina aquimarina KCTC 3840(T) and Sporosarcina saromensis KCTC 13119(T) in their 16S rRNA gene sequences. The three strains exhibiting Orthologous Average Nucleotide Identity values < 79.3% and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values < 23.1% within the genus Sporosarcina affirmed their distinctiveness. Strains B2O-1(T), T2O-4(T), and 0.2-SM1T-5(T) contained MK-7 as a sole respiratory menaquinone and A4α type peptidoglycan based on lysine with alanine, glutamic acid, and aspartic acid. The common polar lipids include diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylethanolamine. Strain T2O-4(T) contained one unidentified phospholipid, whereas strain 0.2-SM1T-5(T) contained two unidentified phospholipids. Cellular fatty acid profiles, with C(15:0) anteiso as the major fatty acid, supported the affiliation of the three strains to the genus Sporosarcina. Based on the polyphasic characteristics, strains B2O-1(T) (= KCTC 43506(T) = JCM 36032(T)), T2O-4(T) (= KCTC 43489(T) = JCM 36031(T)), and 0.2-SM1T-5(T) (= KCTC 43519(T) = JCM 36034(T)) represent three novel species within the genus Sporosarcina, named Sporosarcina jeotgali sp. nov., Sporosarcina oncorhynchi sp. nov., and Sporosarcina trichiuri sp. nov., respectively.

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Notification of changes in taxonomic opinion previously published outside the IJSEM. List of Changes in Taxonomic Opinion no. 41
Aharon Oren, Markus Göker
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Brevibacterium koreense sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from jogae-jeotgal, a Korean fermented seafood
Sohee Nam, Yujin Kim, Min Ji Lee, Yeon Bee Kim, Jeong Ui Yun, Mi-Ja Jung, Hye Seon Song, Se Hee Lee, Seok-Jun Kim, Tae Woong Whon
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Validation List no. 220. Valid publication of new names and new combinations effectively published outside the IJSEM
Aharon Oren, Markus Göker
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2024;[Epub] CrossRef

Variations of microbial community in Aconitum carmichaeli Debx. rhizosphere soilin a short-term continuous cropping system: Xia Fei , Wang Lina , Chen Jiayang , Fu Meng , Wang Guodong , Yan Yaping , Cui Langjun; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(5):481-490. Published online March 29, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-0515-z

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Abstract

Aconitum carmichaeli Debx. (Ranunculaceae) is a potential source of an important herbal drug named “Fuzi”, which is derived from the lateral root of the plant. Increased therapeutic usage resulted in the great demand for artificial cultivation of A. carmichaeli, however, the obstacles caused by continuous cropping is a serious problem. Continuous cropping has shown to affect the soil biological and non-biological factors. The current study attempted to discover the variations of microbial communities and soil properties in shortterm continuous cropping of A. carmichaeli. An experimental procedure with A. carmichaeli planted two years continuously was established. The variation of the soil microbial community, disease incidence, soil properties, and the correlation between soil microbe and disease incidence were investigated. The disease incidence increased during the continuous cropping of A. carmichaeli. The PCoA and LefSe results indicated that fungal communities in rhizosphere soil were altered during the short-term continuous croppingand the bacterial community was disturbed by the cultivation of A. carmichaeli, however, in the following two years of continuous cropping period, the soil bacterial community has not changed obviously. Proportions of some fungal and bacterial genera were varied significantly (p < 0.05), and some genera of microflora showed a significant correlation with adisease incidence of A. carmichaeli. Microorganisms contributing to community composition discrepancy were also elucidated. Continuous cropping of A. carmichaeli disturbed the rhizosphere soil microbial community and altered the soil chemical parameters and soil pH. These variations in soil may be related to the occurrence of plant diseases. The current study will not only provide theoretical and experimental evidence for the A. carmichaeli continuous cropping obstacles but will also contribute to A. carmichaeli agricultural production and soil improvement.

Citations

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Responses of grape yield and quality, soil physicochemical and microbial properties to different planting years
Qingjie Li, Okbagaber Andom, Yanli Li, Chongyang Cheng, Hui Deng, Lei Sun, Zhaojun Li
European Journal of Soil Biology.2024; 120: 103587. CrossRef
Continuous cropping system altered soil microbial communities and nutrient cycles
Mengjiao Ding, Huaxin Dai, Yi He, Taibo Liang, Zhen Zhai, Shixiang Zhang, Binbin Hu, Heqing Cai, Bin Dai, Yadong Xu, Yanling Zhang
Frontiers in Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The factors affecting the development of medicinal plants from a value chain perspective
Guoshuai Lv, Zhihe Li, Zeyuan Zhao, Haolin Liu, Ling Li, Minhui Li
Planta.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Dissolved Organic Matters, an Intermediary of the Microbial Community and Potassium Fertilizers in A. carmichaeli rhizosphere Soil
Fei Xia, Meng Fu, Chen Liu, Yulong Li, Yi Qiang, Ding He, Guoyan Zhang, Langjun Cui
Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition.2024; 24(3): 5472. CrossRef
Comparative Analysis of Rhizosphere and Endophytic Microbial Communities Between Root Rot and Healthy Root of Psammosilene tunicoides
Wen. T. Yang, Guo. D. Li, Jun. N. Li, Cheng. F. Yang, Xiao. M. Zhang, Ai. L. Zhang
Current Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Fuzi polysaccharides improve immunity in immunosuppressed mouse models by regulating gut microbiota composition
Ran Tu, Cheng Zhou, Wenfeng Huang, Zhengping Feng, Qiufang Zhao, Xiaofei Shi, Langjun Cui, Keke Chen
Heliyon.2023; 9(7): e18244. CrossRef
Chemical profile, anti-hepatoma activity, anti-acetylcholinesterase and antioxidant activity of aerial part of Aconitum carmichaeli Debx
Jiani Yu, Jie Xia, Jingxuan Xu, Shengliang Chen, Yan Zhang, Feng Yin, Jiahao Fang, Lietao Cai, Baohua Zhang, Yifei Zhan, Xiaodan Zhang, Zhongda Zeng, Zongsuo Liang
Natural Product Research.2023; 37(22): 3884. CrossRef
Molecular basis of Pogostemon cablin responding to continuous cropping obstacles revealed by integrated transcriptomic, miRNA and metabolomic analyses
Wuping Yan, Xiaofeng Liu, Shijia Cao, Jing Yu, Junfeng Zhang, Guanglong Yao, Huageng Yang, Dongmei Yang, Yougen Wu
Industrial Crops and Products.2023; 200: 116862. CrossRef
A LAMP-Based Toolbox Developed for Detecting the Major Pathogens Affecting the Production and Quality of the Chinese Medicinal Crop Aconitum carmichaelii
Jingzhe Liu, Mengyi Liang, Tao Lin, Qing Zhao, Huiqin Wang, Shunyuan Yang, Qian Guo, Xinyi Wang, Hua Guo, Langjun Cui, Yaping Yan, Ayaka Hieno, Koji Kageyama, Haruhisa Suga, Mingzhu Li
Plant Disease.2023; 107(3): 658. CrossRef
Study on the metabolic process of phthalic acid driven proliferation of Rhizoctonia solani
Jidong Ju, Bingqian Zhou, Guohong Yang, Xinyu Fu, Xiao Wang, Lanping Guo, Wei Liu
Frontiers in Plant Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Bacterial biomarkers are linked more closely to wheat yield formation than overall bacteria in fertilized soil
Li Ma, Wenquan Niu, Guochun Li, Erxin Zhang, Jun Sun, Qian Zhang, Kadambot H. M. Siddique
Land Degradation & Development.2023; 34(5): 1323. CrossRef
Strip intercropping with local crops increased Aconitum carmichaeli yield and soil quality
Chen Liu, Pengdong Yan, Zhenyu Liu, Jianglan Zhang, Guoyan Zhang, Langjun Cui
Frontiers in Plant Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Variation of Soil Microbial Community and Sterilization to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum Play Roles in Slightly Acidic Electrolyzed Water-Alleviated Watermelon Continuous Cropping Obstacle
Xue Wu, Cuinan Wu, Daipeng Lu, Yiwen Wu, Zhangying Ye, Liru Xia, Yudong Sun, Encai Bao, Lin Ye, Yuxin Tang, Kai Cao
Frontiers in Microbiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Microbial community diversity and function analysis of Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux in rhizosphere soil of farmlands in Southwest China
Tingting Pu, Jie Liu, Jingjing Dong, Jun Qian, Zhongyu Zhou, Conglong Xia, Guangfei Wei, Baozhong Duan
Frontiers in Microbiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Contributions of Beneficial Microorganisms in Soil Remediation and Quality Improvement of Medicinal Plants
Gang Wang, Ying Ren, Xuanjiao Bai, Yuying Su, Jianping Han
Plants.2022; 11(23): 3200. CrossRef
Crop rotation affects biological properties of rhizosphere soil and productivity of Kimchi cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) compared to monoculture
Gye-ryeong Bak, Gye-jun Lee, Jung-tae Lee, Sam-nyu Jee
Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology.2022; 63(5): 613. CrossRef
Characteristics of Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens Associated With Post-harvest Fuzi (Aconitum carmichaelii) Rot and Their Novel Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Detection Methods
Meng Fu, Xin Zhang, Bei Chen, Mingzhu Li, Guoyan Zhang, Langjun Cui
Frontiers in Microbiology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

Loss of FrmB results in increased size of developmental structures during the multicellular development of Dictyostelium cells: Hyeseon Kim , Mi-Rae Lee , Taeck Joong Jeon; J. Microbiol. 2017;55(9):730-736. Published online September 2, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-017-7221-x

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Abstract

FERM domain-containing proteins are involved in diverse biological and pathological processes, including cell-substrate adhesion, cell-cell adhesion, multicellular development, and cancer metastasis. In this study, we determined the functions of FrmB, a FERM domain-containing protein, in the cell morphology, cell adhesion, and multicellular development of Dictyostelium cells. Our results show that FrmB appears to play an important role in regulating the size of developmental structures. frmB null cells showed prolonged aggregation during development, resulting in increased size of developmental structures, such as mounds and fruiting bodies, compared to those of wild-type cells, whereas FrmB overexpressing cells exhibited decreased size of developmental structures. These results suggest that FrmB may be necessary for limiting the sizes of developmental structures. Loss of FrmB also resulted in decreased cell-substrate adhesion and slightly increased cell area, suggesting that FrmB had important roles in the regulation of cell adhesion and cell morphology. These studies would contribute to our understanding of the intertwined and overlapped functions of FERM domain-containing proteins.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Adhesion of Dictyostelium Amoebae to Surfaces: A Brief History of Attachments
Lucija Mijanović, Igor Weber
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Opposite functions of RapA and RapC in cell adhesion and migration in Dictyostelium
Jihyeon Jeon, Dongju Kim, Taeck Joong Jeon
Animal Cells and Systems.2021; 25(4): 203. CrossRef

Minimal amino acids in the I/LWEQ domain required for anterior/posterior localization in Dictyostelium: Hyeseon Kim , Dong-Yeop Shin , Taeck Joong Jeon; J. Microbiol. 2017;55(5):366-372. Published online January 26, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-017-6550-0

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Abstract: Establishment of cell polarity is mediated by a series of signal-ing molecules that are asymmetrically activated or localized in the cell upon extracellular stimulation. To understand the mechanism that mediates anterior/posterior asymmetric localization of RapGAP3 during migration, we determined the minimally required amino acids in the I/LWEQ domain that cause posterior localization and found that the minimal region of the F-actin binding domain for posterior localiza-tion could, with some additional deletion at the C-terminal, localize to the anterior. Analysis of the localization and trans-location kinetics to the cell cortex of the truncated proteins suggests that the required regions for anterior/posterior lo-calization might have a preferential binding affinity to pre- existing F-actins at the rear and lateral sides of the cell or newly formed F-actins at the front of the cell, leading to dis-tinct differential sites of the cell.

Review

REVIEW] Cell Migration: Regulation of Cytoskeleton by Rap1 in Dictyostelium discoideum: Mi-Rae Lee , Taeck J. Jeon; J. Microbiol. 2012;50(4):555-561. Published online August 25, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-012-2246-7

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Abstract: Cell movement involves a coordinated regulation of the cytoskeleton, F-actin-mediated protrusions at the front and myosin-mediated contraction of the posterior of a cell. The small GTPase Rap1 functions as a key regulator in the spatial and temporal control of cytoskeleton reorganization for cell migration. This review outlines the establishment of cell polarity by differential localizations of the cytoskeleton and discusses the spatial and temporal regulation of cytoskeleton
reorganization via the Rap1 signaling pathway during chemotaxis with a focus on recent advances in the study of chemotaxis using a simple eukaryotic model organism, Dictyostelium discoideum.

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