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- Effects of Light and Dark Conditions on the Transcriptome of Aging Cultures of Candidatus Puniceispirillum marinum IMCC1322.
- Ji Hyen Lee, Hyun-Myung Oh
- J. Microbiol. 2024;62(4):297-314. Published online April 25, 2024
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00125-0
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Abstract
- To elucidate the function of proteorhodopsin in Candidatus Puniceispirillum marinum strain IMCC1322, a cultivated representative of SAR116, we produced RNA-seq data under laboratory conditions. We examined the transcriptomes of six different cultures, including sets of expression changes under constant dark (DD), constant light (LL), and diel-cycled (LD; 14 h light: 10 h dark) conditions at the exponential and stationary/death phases. Prepared mRNA extracted from the six samples was analyzed on the Solexa Genome Analyzer with 36 cycles. Differentially expressed genes on the IMCC1322 genome were distinguished as four clusters by K-mean clustering and each CDS (n = 2546) was annotated based on the KEGG BRITE hierarchy. Cluster 0 (n = 1573) covered most constitutive genes including proteorhodopsin, retinoids, and glycolysis/TCA cycle. Cluster 1 genes (n = 754) were upregulated in stationary/death phase under constant dark conditions and included genes associated with bacterial defense, membrane transporters, nitrogen metabolism, and senescence signaling. Cluster 2 genes (n = 197) demonstrated upregulation in exponential phase cultures and included genes involved in genes for oxidative phosphorylation, translation factors, and transcription machinery. Cluster 3 (n = 22) contained light-stimulated upregulated genes expressed under stationary/phases. Stringent response genes belonged to cluster 2, but affected genes spanned various cellular processes such as amino acids, nucleotides, translation, transcription, glycolysis, fatty acids, and cell wall components. The coordinated expression of antagonistic stringent genes, including mazG, ppx/gppA, and spoT/relA may provide insight into the controlled cultural response observed between constant light and constant dark conditions in IMCC1322 cultures, regardless of cell numbers and biomass.
Review
- Current status and perspectives on vaccine development against dengue virus infection
- Jisang Park , Ju Kim , Yong-Suk Jang
- J. Microbiol. 2022;60(3):247-254. Published online February 14, 2022
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1625-y
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Abstract
- Dengue virus (DENV) consists of four serotypes in the family
Flaviviridae and is a causative agent of dengue fever, dengue
hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome. DENV is
transmitted by mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti and A. albopictus,
and is mainly observed in areas where vector mosquitoes live.
The number of dengue cases reported by the World Health
Organization increased more than 8-fold over the last two
decades from 505,430 in 2000 to over 2.4 million in 2010 to
5.2 million in 2019. Although vaccine is the most effective
method
against DENV, only one commercialized vaccine exists, and it cannot be administered to children under 9 years of age. Currently, many researchers are working to resolve the various problems hindering the development of effective dengue vaccines; understanding of the viral antigen configuration would provide insight into the development of effective vaccines against DENV infection. In this review, the current status and perspectives on effective vaccine development for DENV are examined. In addition, a plausible direction for effective vaccine development against DENV is suggested.
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