Journal of Microbiology

Research Article

Comprehensive genomic and functional analysis of Leuconostoc lactic acid bacteria in alcohol and acetaldehyde metabolism: Joo-Han Gwak, Yun Ji Choi, Hina Ayub, Min Kyeong Seol, Hongik Kim, Man-Young Jung; J. Microbiol. 2025;63(2):e2410026. Published online February 27, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.71150/jm.2410026

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Alcohol consumption can lead to the accumulation of harmful metabolites, such as acetaldehyde, contributing to various adverse health effects, including hangovers and liver damage. This study presents a comprehensive genomic and functional analysis of Leuconostoc suionicum VITA-PB2, a lactic acid bacterial strain isolated from kimchi, to elucidate its role in enhancing alcohol and acetaldehyde metabolism. Genomic characterization revealed key genes encoding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), providing insights into the metabolic capabilities of strain VITA-PB2. Phylogenomic analyses confirmed its taxonomic classification and genetic similarity to other Leuconostoc species. Functional validation through in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated superior ethanol and acetaldehyde decomposition abilities of strain VITA-PB2, with significant reductions in blood ethanol and acetaldehyde levels observed in rats administered with the strain. Further analysis indicated that while hepatic ADH activity did not significantly increase; however, ALDH expression was elevated. This suggests that the microbial ADH of strain VITA-PB2 contributed to ethanol breakdown, while both microbial and host ALDH facilitated acetaldehyde detoxification. These findings highlight the potential of strain VITA-PB2 as a functional probiotic for mitigating the toxic effects of alcohol consumption.

Review

Ammonia-oxidizing archaea in biological interactions: Jong-Geol Kim , Khaled S. Gazi , Samuel Imisi Awala , Man-Young Jung , Sung-Keun Rhee; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(3):298-310. Published online February 23, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-1005-z

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The third domain Archaea was known to thrive in extreme or anoxic environments based on cultivation studies. Recent metagenomics- based approaches revealed a widespread abundance of archaea, including ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) of Thaumarchaeota in non-extreme and oxic environments. AOA alter nitrogen species availability by mediating the first step of chemolithoautotrophic nitrification, ammonia oxidation to nitrite, and are important primary producers in ecosystems, which affects the distribution and activity of other organisms in ecosystems. Thus, information on the interactions of AOA with other cohabiting organisms is a crucial element in understanding nitrogen and carbon cycles in ecosystems as well as the functioning of whole ecosystems. AOA are self-nourishing, and thus interactions of AOA with other organisms can often be indirect and broad. Besides, there are possibilities of specific and obligate interactions. Mechanisms of interaction are often not clearly identified but only inferred due to limited knowledge on the interaction factors analyzed by current technologies. Here, we overviewed different types of AOA interactions with other cohabiting organisms, which contribute to understanding AOA functions in ecosystems.

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Heather Schiller, Yirui Hong, Joshua Kouassi, Theopi Rados, Jasmin Kwak, Anthony DiLucido, Daniel Safer, Anita Marchfelder, Friedhelm Pfeiffer, Alexandre Bisson, Stefan Schulze, Mechthild Pohlschroder
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Zhao Chen, Jian Li, Qianqian Zhai, Zhiqiang Chang, Jitao Li
Reviews in Aquaculture.2024; 16(4): 1580. CrossRef
Multidrug-resistant plasmid RP4 inhibits the nitrogen removal capacity of ammonia-oxidizing archaea, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, and comammox in activated sludge
Zhaohui Zhang, Lin Bo, Shang Wang, Chenyu Li, Xi Zhang, Bin Xue, Xiaobo Yang, Xinxin He, Zhiqiang Shen, Zhigang Qiu, Chen Zhao, Jingfeng Wang
Environmental Research.2024; 242: 117739. CrossRef
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Journal Articles

Paraburkholderia dokdonella sp. nov., isolated from a plant from the genus Campanula: Man-Young Jung , Myung-Suk Kang , Ki-Eun Lee , Eun-Young Lee , Soo-Je Park; J. Microbiol. 2019;57(2):107-112. Published online November 19, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-019-8500-5

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Abstract

The novel Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterial strain DCR-13T was isolated from a native plant belonging to the genus Campanula on Dokdo, an island in the Republic of Korea. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that this strain is closely related to Paraburkholderia peleae PP52-1T (98.43% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Paraburkholderia oxyphila NBRC 105797T (98.42%), Paraburkholderia sacchari IPT 101T (98.28%), Paraburkholderia mimosarum NBRC 106338T (97.80%), Paraburkholderia denitrificans KIS30-44T (97.46%), and Paraburkholderia paradise WAT (97.45%). This analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence also suggested that DCR-13T and the six closely related strains formed a clade within the genus Paraburkholderia, but that DCR-13T was clearly separated from the established species. DCR-13T had ubiquinone 8 as its predominant respiratory quinone, and its genomic DNA G + C content was 63.9 mol%. The isolated strain grew at a pH of 6.0–8.0 (with an optimal pH of 6.5), 0–4% w/v NaCl (with an optimal level of 0%), and a temperature of 18–42°C (with an optimal temperature of 30°C). The predominant fatty acids were C16:0, summed feature 8 (C18:1 ω7c/C18:1 ω6c), C17:0 cyclo, C19:0 cyclo ω8c, summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω6c/C16:1 ω7c) and summed feature 2 (C12:0 aldehyde), and the major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. On the basis of polyphasic evidence, it is proposed that strain DCR-13T (= KCTC 62811T = LMG 30889T) represents the type strain of a novel species, Paraburkholderia dokdonella sp. nov.

Citations

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Genome-based taxonomy of Burkholderia sensu lato: Distinguishing closely related species
Evelise Bach, Camila Gazolla Volpiano, Fernando Hayashi Sant’Anna, Luciane Maria Pereira Passaglia
Genetics and Molecular Biology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Genome-based Reclassification of Paraburkholderia insulsa as a Later Heterotypic Synonym of Paraburkholderia fungorum and Proposal of Paraburkholderia terrae subsp. terrae subsp. nov. and Paraburkholderia terrae subsp. steynii subsp. nov.
Munusamy Madhaiyan, Shankar Sriram, Nedounsejian Kiruba, Venkatakrishnan Sivaraj Saravanan
Current Microbiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Engineering of a newly isolated Bacillus tequilensis BL01 for poly-γ-glutamic acid production from citric acid
Dexin Wang, Xiaoping Fu, Dasen Zhou, Jiaqi Gao, Wenqin Bai
Microbial Cell Factories.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
The Hidden Genomic Diversity, Specialized Metabolite Capacity, and Revised Taxonomy of Burkholderia Sensu Lato
Alex J. Mullins, Eshwar Mahenthiralingam
Frontiers in Microbiology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
The history and distribution of nodulating Paraburkholderia, a potential inoculum for Fynbos forage species
Chrizelle W. Beukes, Stephanus N. Venter, Emma T. Steenkamp
Grass and Forage Science.2021; 76(1): 10. CrossRef
International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Rhizobia and Agrobacteria Minutes of the closed meeting by videoconference, 17 July 2019
Philippe de Lajudie, J. Peter W. Young
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2020; 70(5): 3563. CrossRef
Spontaneous formation and mechanism of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria in swine wastewater treatment system
Zhenzhong Pan, Ruizhi Dai, Jingsong Liao, Jih-Gaw Lin, Yiguo Hong, Jiayin Ling, Yanbin Xu, Yuxin Li, Jiaen Peng
International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation.2020; 154: 105058. CrossRef
A newly isolated Bacillus siamensis SB1001 for mass production of poly-γ-glutamic acid
Dexin Wang, Jin-Su Hwang, Dong-Ho Kim, Sungbeom Lee, Dae-Hyuk Kim, Min-Ho Joe
Process Biochemistry.2020; 92: 164. CrossRef

Comparative genomic analysis of Geosporobacter ferrireducens and its versatility of anaerobic energy metabolism: Man-Young Jung , So-Jeong Kim , Jong-Geol Kim , Heeji Hong , Joo-Han Gwak , Soo-Je Park , Yang-Hoon Kim , Sung-Keun Rhee; J. Microbiol. 2018;56(5):365-371. Published online May 2, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-018-7451-6

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Abstract

Members of the family Clostridiaceae within phylum Firmicutes are ubiquitous in various iron-reducing environments. However, genomic data on iron-reducing bacteria of the family Clostridiaceae, particularly regarding their environmental distribution, are limited. Here, we report the analysis and comparison of the genomic properties of Geosporobacter ferrireducens IRF9, a strict anaerobe that ferments sugars and degrades toluene under iron-reducing conditions, with those of the closely related species, Geosporobacter subterraneus DSM 17957. Putative alkyl succinate synthase-encoding genes were observed in the genome of strain IRF9 instead of the typical benzyl succinate synthase-encoding genes. Canonical genes associated with iron reduction were not observed in either genome. The genomes of strains IRF9 and DMS 17957 harbored genes for acetogenesis, that encode two types of Rnf complexes mediating the translocation of H+ and Na+ ions, respectively. Strain IRF9 harbored two different types of ATPases (Na+-dependent F-type ATPase and H+- dependent V-type ATPase), which enable full exploitation of ion gradients. The versatile energy conservation potential of strain IRF9 promotes its survival in various environmental conditions.

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Promoting effects and mechanisms of common iron oxides on corrosion of carbon steel induced by methanogenic microbiota
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Co-exposure of microplastics and polychlorinated biphenyls strongly influenced the cycling processes of typical biogenic elements in anoxic soil
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A review on microbial diversity and genetic markers involved in methanogenic degradation of hydrocarbons: futuristic prospects of biofuel recovery from contaminated regions
Kriti Sengupta, Siddhartha Pal
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Iron and total organic carbon shape the spatial distribution pattern of sediment Fe(III) reducing bacteria in a volcanic lake, NE China
Yue Zhan, Mengran Yang, Yu Zhang, Jian Yang, Weidong Wang, Lei Yan, Shuang Zhang
World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Maize straw biochar addition inhibited pentachlorophenol dechlorination by strengthening the predominant soil reduction processes in flooded soil
Min Zhu, Xiaofei Lv, Ashley E. Franks, Philip C. Brookes, Jianming Xu, Yan He
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Krisztián Laczi, Ágnes Erdeiné Kis, Árpád Szilágyi, Naila Bounedjoum, Attila Bodor, György Erik Vincze, Tamás Kovács, Gábor Rákhely, Katalin Perei
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Manal F. Alqahtani, Suman Bajracharya, Krishna P. Katuri, Muhammad Ali, Ala’a Ragab, Grégoire Michoud, Daniele Daffonchio, Pascal E. Saikaly
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A novel methanotroph in the genus Methylomonas that contains a distinct clade of soluble methane monooxygenase: Ngoc-Loi Nguyen , Woon-Jong Yu , Hye-Young Yang , Jong-Geol Kim , Man-Young Jung , Soo-Je Park , Seong-Woon Roh , Sung-Keun Rhee; J. Microbiol. 2017;55(10):775-782. Published online September 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-017-7317-3

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Abstract

Aerobic methane oxidation is a key process in the global carbon cycle that acts as a major sink of methane. In this study, we describe a novel methanotroph designated EMGL16-1 that was isolated from a freshwater lake using the floating filter culture technique. Based on a phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, the isolate was found to be closely related to the genus Methylomonas in the family Methylococcaceae of the class Gammaproteobacteria with 94.2–97.4% 16S rRNA gene similarity to Methylomonas type strains. Comparison of chemotaxonomic and physiological properties further suggested that strain EMGL16-1 was taxonomically distinct from other species in the genus Methylomonas. The isolate was versatile in utilizing nitrogen sources such as molecular nitrogen, nitrate, nitrite, urea, and ammonium. The genes coding for subunit of the particulate form methane monooxygenase (pmoA), soluble methane monooxygenase (mmoX), and methanol dehydrogenase (mxaF) were detected in strain EMGL16-1. Phylogenetic analysis of mmoX indicated that mmoX of strain EMGL16-1 is distinct from those of other strains in the genus Methylomonas. This isolate probably represents a novel species in the genus. Our study provides new insights into the diversity of species in the genus Methylomonas and their environmental adaptations.

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Samuel Imisi Awala, Joo-Han Gwak, Yongman Kim, Chanmee Seo, Andrea Strazzulli, Song-Gun Kim, Sung-Keun Rhee
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Calculibacillus koreensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic Fe(III)-reducing bacterium isolated from sediment of mine tailings: Ui-Gi Min , So-Jeong Kim , Heeji Hong , Song-Gun Kim , Joo-Han Gwak , Man-Young Jung , Jong-Geol Kim , Jeong-Geol Na , Sung-Keun Rhee; J. Microbiol. 2016;54(6):413-419. Published online May 27, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-016-6086-8

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Abstract

A strictly anaerobic bacterium, strain B5T, was isolated from sediment of an abandoned coal mine in Taebaek, Republic of Korea. Cells of strain B5T were non-spore-forming, straight, Gram-positive rods. The optimum pH and temperature for growth were pH 7.0 and 30°C, respectively, while the strain was able to grow within pH and temperature ranges of 5.5– 7.5 and 25–45°C, respectively. Growth of strain B5T was observed at NaCl concentrations of 0 to 6.0% (w/v) with an optimum at 3.0–4.0% (w/v). The polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unknown phospholipid and three unknown polar lipids. Strain B5T grew anaerobically by reducing nitrate, nitrite, ferric-citrate, ferric-nitrilotriacetate, elemental sulfur, thiosulfate, and anthraquinone- 2-sulfonate in the presence of proteinaceous compounds, organic acids, and carbohydrates as electron donors. The isolate was not able to grow by fermentation. Strain B5T did not grow under aerobic or microaerobic conditions. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain B5T is most closely related to the genus Tepidibacillus (T. fermentans STGHT; 96.3%) and Vulcanibacillus (V. modesticaldus BRT; 94.6%). The genomic DNA G+C content (36.9 mol%) of strain B5T was higher than those of T. fermentans STGHT (34.8 mol%) and V. modesticaldus BRT (34.5 mol%). Based on its phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic properties, we describe a new species of a novel genus Calculibacillus, represented by strain B5T (=KCTC 15397T =JCM 19989T), for which we propose the name Calculibacillus koreensis gen. nov., sp. nov.

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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'ts

NOTE] Evaluation of a Fosmid-Clone-Based Microarray for Comparative Analysis of Swine Fecal Metagenomes: Soo-Je Park , Dong-Hwan Kim , Man-Young Jung , So-Jeong Kim , Hongik Kim , Yang-Hoon Kim , Jong-Chan Chae , Sung-Keun Rhee; J. Microbiol. 2012;50(4):684-688. Published online July 21, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-012-2115-4

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Abstract: Glass slide arrayed with fosmid clone DNAs generated from swine feces as probes were fabricated and used as a metagenome microarray (MGA). MGA appeared to be specific to their corresponding target genomic fragments. The detection limit was 10 ng of genomic DNA (ca. 106 bacterial cells) in the presence of 1000 ng of background DNA. Linear relationships between the signal intensity and the target DNA (20–100 ng) were observed (r2=0.98). Application of MGA to the comparison of swine fecal metagenomes suggested that the microbial community composition of swine intestine could be dependent on the health state of swine.

Metagenomic Assessment of a Sulfur-Oxidizing Enrichment Culture Derived from Marine Sediment: Man-Young Jung , VinhHoa Pham , Soo-Je Park , So-Jeong Kim , Jong-Chan Chae , Yul Roh , Sung-Keun Rhee; J. Microbiol. 2010;48(6):739-747. Published online January 9, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-010-0257-9

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Abstract: The biological oxidation of reduced sulfur compounds is a critically important process in global sulfur biogeochemistry. In this study, we enriched from marine sediments under denitrifying conditions, chemolithotrophic sulfur oxidizers that could oxidize a variety of reduced sulfur compounds: thiosulfate, tetrathionate, sulfide, and polysulfide. Two major phylotypes of 16S rRNA gene (>99% identity in each phylotype) were detected in this enrichment culture. In order to characterize sulfide oxidation, we sequenced and characterized one fosmid clone (43.6 kb) containing the group I sulfide-quinone reductase (sqr) gene. Interestingly, four putative rhodanese genes were found in this clone. Furthermore, comparative alignment with the closest genome of Thiomicrospira crunogena XCL2 revealed that three homologous genes were located within the vicinity of the sqr gene. Fosmid clones harboring carbon fixation (cbbL and cbbM) and denitrification (narG) genes were screened, and the phylogeny of the functional genes was analyzed. Along with the comparison between the sqr-containing fosmid clones and the relevant gamma-proteobacteria, our phylogenetic study based on the 16S rRNA gene and carbon fixation genes suggest the prevalence of chemolithotrophic gamma-proteobacteria in the denitrifying cultures. The findings of this study imply that a combination of cultivation and metagenomic approaches might provide us with a glimpse into the characteristics of sulfur oxidizers in marine sediments.

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