Journal of Microbiology

Journal Articles

RapB Regulates Cell Adhesion and Migration in Dictyostelium, Similar to RapA: Uri Han, Nara Han, Byeonggyu Park, Taeck Joong Jeon; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(8):627-637. Published online June 17, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00143-y

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Abstract: Ras small GTPases act as molecular switches in various cellular signaling pathways, including cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Three Rap proteins are present in Dictyostelium; RapA, RapB, and RapC. RapA and RapC have been reported to have opposing functions in the control of cell adhesion and migration. Here, we investigated the role of RapB, a member of the Ras GTPase subfamily in Dictyostelium, focusing on its involvement in cell adhesion, migration, and developmental processes. This study revealed that RapB, similar to RapA, played a crucial role in regulating cell morphology, adhesion, and migration. rapB null cells, which were generated by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, displayed altered cell size, reduced cell-substrate adhesion, and increased migration speed during chemotaxis. These phenotypes of rapB null cells were restored by the expression of RapB and RapA, but not RapC. Consistent with these results, RapB, similar to RapA, failed to rescue the phenotypes of rapC null cells, spread morphology, increased cell adhesion, and decreased migration speed during chemotaxis. Multicellular development of rapB null cells remained unaffected. These results suggest that RapB is involved in controlling cell morphology and cell adhesion. Importantly, RapB appears to play an inhibitory role in regulating the migration speed during chemotaxis, possibly by controlling cell-substrate adhesion, resembling the functions of RapA. These findings contribute to the understanding of the functional relationships among Ras subfamily proteins.

Variations of microbial community in Aconitum carmichaeli Debx. rhizosphere soilin a short-term continuous cropping system: Xia Fei , Wang Lina , Chen Jiayang , Fu Meng , Wang Guodong , Yan Yaping , Cui Langjun; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(5):481-490. Published online March 29, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-0515-z

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17 Crossref

Aconitum carmichaeli Debx. (Ranunculaceae) is a potential source of an important herbal drug named “Fuzi”, which is derived from the lateral root of the plant. Increased therapeutic usage resulted in the great demand for artificial cultivation of A. carmichaeli, however, the obstacles caused by continuous cropping is a serious problem. Continuous cropping has shown to affect the soil biological and non-biological factors. The current study attempted to discover the variations of microbial communities and soil properties in shortterm continuous cropping of A. carmichaeli. An experimental procedure with A. carmichaeli planted two years continuously was established. The variation of the soil microbial community, disease incidence, soil properties, and the correlation between soil microbe and disease incidence were investigated. The disease incidence increased during the continuous cropping of A. carmichaeli. The PCoA and LefSe results indicated that fungal communities in rhizosphere soil were altered during the short-term continuous croppingand the bacterial community was disturbed by the cultivation of A. carmichaeli, however, in the following two years of continuous cropping period, the soil bacterial community has not changed obviously. Proportions of some fungal and bacterial genera were varied significantly (p < 0.05), and some genera of microflora showed a significant correlation with adisease incidence of A. carmichaeli. Microorganisms contributing to community composition discrepancy were also elucidated. Continuous cropping of A. carmichaeli disturbed the rhizosphere soil microbial community and altered the soil chemical parameters and soil pH. These variations in soil may be related to the occurrence of plant diseases. The current study will not only provide theoretical and experimental evidence for the A. carmichaeli continuous cropping obstacles but will also contribute to A. carmichaeli agricultural production and soil improvement.

Citations

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Responses of grape yield and quality, soil physicochemical and microbial properties to different planting years
Qingjie Li, Okbagaber Andom, Yanli Li, Chongyang Cheng, Hui Deng, Lei Sun, Zhaojun Li
European Journal of Soil Biology.2024; 120: 103587. CrossRef
Continuous cropping system altered soil microbial communities and nutrient cycles
Mengjiao Ding, Huaxin Dai, Yi He, Taibo Liang, Zhen Zhai, Shixiang Zhang, Binbin Hu, Heqing Cai, Bin Dai, Yadong Xu, Yanling Zhang
Frontiers in Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The factors affecting the development of medicinal plants from a value chain perspective
Guoshuai Lv, Zhihe Li, Zeyuan Zhao, Haolin Liu, Ling Li, Minhui Li
Planta.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Dissolved Organic Matters, an Intermediary of the Microbial Community and Potassium Fertilizers in A. carmichaeli rhizosphere Soil
Fei Xia, Meng Fu, Chen Liu, Yulong Li, Yi Qiang, Ding He, Guoyan Zhang, Langjun Cui
Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition.2024; 24(3): 5472. CrossRef
Comparative Analysis of Rhizosphere and Endophytic Microbial Communities Between Root Rot and Healthy Root of Psammosilene tunicoides
Wen. T. Yang, Guo. D. Li, Jun. N. Li, Cheng. F. Yang, Xiao. M. Zhang, Ai. L. Zhang
Current Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Fuzi polysaccharides improve immunity in immunosuppressed mouse models by regulating gut microbiota composition
Ran Tu, Cheng Zhou, Wenfeng Huang, Zhengping Feng, Qiufang Zhao, Xiaofei Shi, Langjun Cui, Keke Chen
Heliyon.2023; 9(7): e18244. CrossRef
Chemical profile, anti-hepatoma activity, anti-acetylcholinesterase and antioxidant activity of aerial part of Aconitum carmichaeli Debx
Jiani Yu, Jie Xia, Jingxuan Xu, Shengliang Chen, Yan Zhang, Feng Yin, Jiahao Fang, Lietao Cai, Baohua Zhang, Yifei Zhan, Xiaodan Zhang, Zhongda Zeng, Zongsuo Liang
Natural Product Research.2023; 37(22): 3884. CrossRef
Molecular basis of Pogostemon cablin responding to continuous cropping obstacles revealed by integrated transcriptomic, miRNA and metabolomic analyses
Wuping Yan, Xiaofeng Liu, Shijia Cao, Jing Yu, Junfeng Zhang, Guanglong Yao, Huageng Yang, Dongmei Yang, Yougen Wu
Industrial Crops and Products.2023; 200: 116862. CrossRef
A LAMP-Based Toolbox Developed for Detecting the Major Pathogens Affecting the Production and Quality of the Chinese Medicinal Crop Aconitum carmichaelii
Jingzhe Liu, Mengyi Liang, Tao Lin, Qing Zhao, Huiqin Wang, Shunyuan Yang, Qian Guo, Xinyi Wang, Hua Guo, Langjun Cui, Yaping Yan, Ayaka Hieno, Koji Kageyama, Haruhisa Suga, Mingzhu Li
Plant Disease.2023; 107(3): 658. CrossRef
Study on the metabolic process of phthalic acid driven proliferation of Rhizoctonia solani
Jidong Ju, Bingqian Zhou, Guohong Yang, Xinyu Fu, Xiao Wang, Lanping Guo, Wei Liu
Frontiers in Plant Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Bacterial biomarkers are linked more closely to wheat yield formation than overall bacteria in fertilized soil
Li Ma, Wenquan Niu, Guochun Li, Erxin Zhang, Jun Sun, Qian Zhang, Kadambot H. M. Siddique
Land Degradation & Development.2023; 34(5): 1323. CrossRef
Strip intercropping with local crops increased Aconitum carmichaeli yield and soil quality
Chen Liu, Pengdong Yan, Zhenyu Liu, Jianglan Zhang, Guoyan Zhang, Langjun Cui
Frontiers in Plant Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Variation of Soil Microbial Community and Sterilization to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum Play Roles in Slightly Acidic Electrolyzed Water-Alleviated Watermelon Continuous Cropping Obstacle
Xue Wu, Cuinan Wu, Daipeng Lu, Yiwen Wu, Zhangying Ye, Liru Xia, Yudong Sun, Encai Bao, Lin Ye, Yuxin Tang, Kai Cao
Frontiers in Microbiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Microbial community diversity and function analysis of Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux in rhizosphere soil of farmlands in Southwest China
Tingting Pu, Jie Liu, Jingjing Dong, Jun Qian, Zhongyu Zhou, Conglong Xia, Guangfei Wei, Baozhong Duan
Frontiers in Microbiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Contributions of Beneficial Microorganisms in Soil Remediation and Quality Improvement of Medicinal Plants
Gang Wang, Ying Ren, Xuanjiao Bai, Yuying Su, Jianping Han
Plants.2022; 11(23): 3200. CrossRef
Crop rotation affects biological properties of rhizosphere soil and productivity of Kimchi cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) compared to monoculture
Gye-ryeong Bak, Gye-jun Lee, Jung-tae Lee, Sam-nyu Jee
Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology.2022; 63(5): 613. CrossRef
Characteristics of Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens Associated With Post-harvest Fuzi (Aconitum carmichaelii) Rot and Their Novel Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Detection Methods
Meng Fu, Xin Zhang, Bei Chen, Mingzhu Li, Guoyan Zhang, Langjun Cui
Frontiers in Microbiology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Impact of cry1AC-Carrying Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis on Leaf Bacterial Community: Young Tae Kim , Kang Seon Lee , Moon Jung Kim , Seung Bum Kim; J. Microbiol. 2009;47(1):33-39. Published online February 20, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-008-0254-4

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Abstract: The effects of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis) carrying cry1AC derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) on leaf bacterial community were examined by analyzing the horizontal transfer of transgene fragments from plants to bacteria. The effect of plant pathogenic bacteria on the gene transfer was also examined using Pseudomonas syringae pathovar. maculicola. The frequency of hygromycin-resistant bacteria did not alter in Bt leaves, though slight increase was observed in Pseudomonas-infected Bt leaves with no statistical significance. The analysis of bacterial community profiles using the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprinting indicated that there were slight differences between Bt and control Chinese cabbage, and also that infected tissues were dominated by P. syringae pv. maculicola. However, the cultured bacterial pools were not found to contain any transgene fragments. Thus, no direct evidence of immediate gene transfer from plant to bacteria or acquisition of hygromycin resistance could be observed. Still, long-term monitoring on the possibility of gene transfer is necessary to correctly assess the environmental effects of the Bt crop on bacteria.

Journal Article

Biologically Active and C-Amidated HinnavinII-38-Asn Produced from a Trx Fusion Construct in Escherichia coli: Chang Soo Kang , Seung-Yeol Son , In Seok Bang; J. Microbiol. 2008;46(6):656-661. Published online December 24, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-008-0214-z

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9 Scopus

Abstract: The cabbage butterfly (Artogeia rapae) antimicrobial peptide hinnavinII as a member of cecropin family is synthesized as 37 residues in size with an amidated lysine at C-terminus and shows the humoral immune response to a bacterial invasion. In this work, a synthetic gene for hinnavinII-38-Asn (HIN) with an additional amino acid asparagine residue containing amide group at C-terminus was cloned into pET-32a(+) vector to allow expression of HIN as a Trx fusion protein in Escherichia coli strain BL21 (DE3) pLysS. The resulting expression level of the fusion protein Trx-HIN could reach 15~20% of the total cell proteins and more than 70% of the target proteins were in soluble form. The fusion protein could be purified successfully by HiTrap Chelating HP column and a high yield of 15 mg purified fusion protein was obtained from 80 ml E. coli culture. Recombinant HIN was readily obtained by enterokinase cleavage of the fusion protein followed by FPLC chromatography, and 3.18 mg pure active recombinant HIN was obtained from 80 ml culture. The molecular mass of recombinant HIN determined by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer is 4252.084 Da which matches the theoretical mass (4252.0 Da) of HIN. Comparing the antimicrobial activities of the recombinant hinnavinII with C-amidated terminus to that without an amidated C-terminus, we found that the amide of asparagine at C-terminus of hinnavinII improved its potency on certain microorganism such as E. coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Bacillus megaterium, and Staphylococcus aureus.

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis Analysis of Bacterial Community Profiles in the Rhizosphere of cry1AC-carrying Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis: Sera Jung , Semi Park , Daeha Kim , Seung Bum Kim; J. Microbiol. 2008;46(1):12-15.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-007-0190-8

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13 Scopus

Abstract: The effect of genetically modified (GM) Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis (Chinese cabbage) expressing Bt toxin gene (cry1AC) to the rhizosphere bacterial community was examined using the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprinting method. From the visual comparison of the DGGE profiles, there were no significant differences between the profiles of Bt and control rhizosphere in both Suwon and Yesan samples. From the sequence analysis of the individual bands, Sphingomonas sp. of Alphaproteobacteria and several actinobacterial members were identified as the main bacterial taxa in both Suwon and Yesan samples. In the multiple correspondence analysis, no clear separation between Bt and control rhizosphere was seen in both Suwon and Yesan datasets. The profiles of bulk soils were separated from those of rhizosphere. The DGGE fingerprinting analyses indicated that Bt crops did not significantly alter the genetic composition of rhizosphere bacterial communities.

Nosema sp. isolated from Cabbage White Butterfly (Pieris rapae) Collected in Korea: Ji Young Choi , Jong Gill Kim , Young Cheol Choi , Tae Won Goo , Jin Hee Chang , Yeon Ho J e , Keun Young Kim; J. Microbiol. 2002;40(3):199-204.

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Abstract: A microsporidium, from cabbage white butterflies, Pieris rapae, collected in Korea, was purified and characterized according to its gene structure, spore morphology and pathogenicity. From the observation of the isolate by SEM and TEM, the endospores, exospores and nuclei, about 12 polar filament coils of the polar tube and posterior vacuoles were all identified. The nucleotide sequence was determined for a portion of genomic DNA which spans the V4 variable region of the small subunit rRNA gene. Comparison with the GenBank database for 15 other microsporidia species suggests that this isolate is most closely related to Nosema species. The pathogenicity against cabbage white butterflies was quantified by inoculating variable doses of spores to the second instar larvae. Peroral inoculation at a dosage of 10^8 spores/ml resulted in the death of all larvae prior to adult eclosion, but at lower spore dosages of 10^4 ?0^5 spores/ml, many adults successfully emerged. The median lethal dose (LD_50 ) was determined to be 4.6 X 10^6 spores/ml and the isolate also transmitted transovarially to the progeny eggs at a frequency of 92%.

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