Journal Article
- Biosynthesis of 2-amino-3-hydroxycyclopent-2-enone moiety of bafilomycin in Kitasatospora cheerisanensis KCTC2395
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Nguyen Phan Kieu Hanh , Jae Yoon Hwang , Hye Ryeung Oh , Geum Jin Kim , Hyukjae Choi , Doo Hyun Nam
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J. Microbiol. 2018;56(8):571-578. Published online July 25, 2018
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-018-8267-0
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Abstract
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Bafilomycins produced by Kitasatospora cheerisanensis KCTC-
2395 belong to the 16-membered macrolactone family plecomacrolide
antibiotics. Bafilomycin B1 contains 2-amino-
3-hydroxycyclopent-2-enone (C5N), a five membered ring,
which gets condensed via an amide linkage to bafilomycin
polyketide. To study the biosynthetic pathway of C5N during
bafilomycin biosynthesis in K. cheerisanensis KCTC2395,
we attempted the functional analysis of two putative genes,
encoding 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase (ALAS) and acyl-
CoA ligase (ACL). The amplified putative genes for ALAS
and ACL were cloned into the E. coli expression vector pET-
32a(+) plasmid, following which the soluble recombinant
ALAS and ACL proteins were purified through nickel-affinity
column chromatography. Through HPLC analysis of the enzyme
reaction mixture, we confirmed the products of putative
ALAS and ACL reaction as 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-
ALA) and 5-ALA-CoA, respectively. The optimal pH for
the putative ALAS reaction was 7.5, and for putative ACL
reaction was 7.0, as confirmed by the colorimetric assay.
Furthermore, pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP) was found to
be an essential cofactor in the putative ALAS reaction, and
ATP was a cofactor for the putative ACL catalysis. Finally,
we also confirmed that the simultaneous treatment of putative
ACL and putative ALAS enzymes resulted in the production
of C5N compound from 5-ALA.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- The Secondary Metabolites from Genus Kitasatospora: A Promising Source for Drug Discovery
Yuanjuan Wei, Guiyang Wang, Yan Li, Maoluo Gan
Chemistry & Biodiversity.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Elucidation of the Late Steps during Hexacosalactone A Biosynthesis in Streptomyces samsunensis OUCT16-12
He Duan, Fang Wang, Chuchu Zhang, Yujing Dong, Huayue Li, Fei Xiao, Wenli Li, Haruyuki Atomi
Applied and Environmental Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - A Secondary Metabolic Enzyme Functioned as an Evolutionary Seed of a Primary Metabolic Enzyme
Jun Kawaguchi, Hikaru Mori, Noritaka Iwai, Masaaki Wachi, Miriam Barlow
Molecular Biology and Evolution.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Biosynthesis of Methoxymalonyl-acyl Carrier Protein (ACP) as an Extender Unit for Bafilomycin Polyketide in Streptomyces griseus DSM 2608
Nguyen Phan Kieu Hanh, Jae Yoon Hwang, Doo Hyun Nam
Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering.2018; 23(6): 693. CrossRef
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Note] Analysis of a draft genome sequence of Kitasatospora cheerisanensis KCTC 2395 producing bafilomycin antibiotics
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Jae Yoon Hwang , Soo Hee Kim , Hye Ryeung Oh , Eunju Kwon , Doo Hyun Nam
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J. Microbiol. 2015;53(1):84-89. Published online December 4, 2014
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-4340-0
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61
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Abstract
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Kitasatospora cheerisanensis KCTC 2395, producing bafilomycin
antibiotics belonging to plecomacrolide group, was
isolated from a soil sample at Mt. Jiri, Korea. The draft genome
sequence contains 8.04 Mb with 73.6% G+C content
and 7,810 open reading frames. All the genes for aerial mycelium
and spore formations were confirmed in this draft
genome. In phylogenetic analysis of MurE proteins (UDPN-
acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate:DAP ligase) in a conserved
dcw (division of cell wall) locus, MurE proteins of
Kitasatospora species were placed in a separate clade between
MurEs of Streptomyces species incorporating LL-diaminopimelic
acid (DAP) and MurEs of Saccharopolyspora erythraea
as well as Mycobacterium tuberculosis ligating meso-
DAP. From this finding, it was assumed that Kitasatospora
MurEs exhibit the substrate specificity for both LL-DAP and
meso-DAP. The bafilomycin biosynthetic gene cluster was
located in the left subtelomeric region. In 71.3 kb-long gene
cluster, 17 genes probably involved in the biosynthesis of
bafilomycin derivatives were deduced, including 5 polyketide
synthase (PKS) genes comprised of 12 PKS modules.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Genome-directed discovery of antiproliferative bafilomycins from a deepsea-derived Streptomyces samsunensis
Runyi Wang, Yilei Bao, Yujing Dong, Yun Dong, Huayue Li
Bioorganic Chemistry.2023; 138: 106599. CrossRef - Engineering Bafilomycin High-Producers by Manipulating Regulatory and Biosynthetic Genes in the Marine Bacterium Streptomyces lohii
Zhong Li, Shuai Li, Lei Du, Xingwang Zhang, Yuanyuan Jiang, Wenhua Liu, Wei Zhang, Shengying Li
Marine Drugs.2021; 19(1): 29. CrossRef - Genome based characterization of Kitasatospora sp. MMS16-BH015, a multiple heavy metal resistant soil actinobacterium with high antimicrobial potential
Bo-Ram Yun, Adeel Malik, Seung Bum Kim
Gene.2020; 733: 144379. CrossRef - Genome Mining of the Genus Streptacidiphilus for Biosynthetic and Biodegradation Potential
Adeel Malik, Yu Ri Kim, Seung Bum Kim
Genes.2020; 11(10): 1166. CrossRef - Biosynthesis of 2-amino-3-hydroxycyclopent-2-enone moiety of bafilomycin in Kitasatospora cheerisanensis KCTC2395
Nguyen Phan Kieu Hanh, Jae Yoon Hwang, Hye Ryeung Oh, Geum Jin Kim, Hyukjae Choi, Doo Hyun Nam
Journal of Microbiology.2018; 56(8): 571. CrossRef - Genus Kitasatospora, taxonomic features and diversity of secondary metabolites
Yōko Takahashi
The Journal of Antibiotics.2017; 70(5): 506. CrossRef - Evolution of cyclizing 5-aminolevulinate synthases in the biosynthesis of actinomycete secondary metabolites: outcomes for genetic screening techniques
Kateřina Petříčková, Alica Chroňáková, Tomáš Zelenka, Tomáš Chrudimský, Stanislav Pospíšil, Miroslav Petříček, Václav Krištůfek
Frontiers in Microbiology.2015;[Epub] CrossRef