Journal Article
- Antarctic tundra soil metagenome as useful natural resources of cold-active lignocelluolytic enzymes
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Han Na Oh , Doyoung Park , Hoon Je Seong , Dockyu Kim , Woo Jun Sul
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J. Microbiol. 2019;57(10):865-873. Published online September 30, 2019
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-019-9217-1
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Abstract
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Lignocellulose composed of complex carbohydrates and aromatic
heteropolymers is one of the principal materials for
the production of renewable biofuels. Lignocellulose-degrading
genes from cold-adapted bacteria have a potential to increase
the productivity of biological treatment of lignocellulose
biomass by providing a broad range of treatment temperatures.
Antarctic soil metagenomes allow to access novel
genes encoding for the cold-active lignocellulose-degrading
enzymes, for biotechnological and industrial applications.
Here, we investigated the metagenome targeting cold-adapted
microbes in Antarctic organic matter-rich soil (KS 2-1) to
mine lignolytic and celluloytic enzymes by performing single
molecule, real-time metagenomic (SMRT) sequencing. In the
assembled Antarctic metagenomic contigs with relative long
reads, we found that 162 (1.42%) of total 11,436 genes were
annotated as carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZy). Actinobacteria,
the dominant phylum in this soil’s metagenome,
possessed most of candidates of lignocellulose catabolic genes
like glycoside hydrolase families (GH13, GH26, and GH5)
and auxiliary activity families (AA7 and AA3). The predicted
lignocellulose degradation pathways in Antarctic soil metagenome
showed synergistic role of various CAZyme harboring
bacterial genera including Streptomyces, Streptosporangium,
and Amycolatopsis. From phylogenetic relationships
with cellular and environmental enzymes, several genes having
potential for participating in overall lignocellulose degradation
were also found. The results indicated the presence
of lignocellulose-degrading bacteria in Antarctic tundra soil
and the potential benefits of the lignocelluolytic enzymes as
candidates for cold-active enzymes which will be used for the
future biofuel-production industry.
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Citations
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Identification of Proteolytic Bacteria from the Arctic Chukchi Sea Expedition Cruise and Characterization of Cold-active Proteases
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Ha Ju Park , Yung Mi Lee , Sunghui Kim , Ah Ram Wi , Se Jong Han , Han-Woo Kim , Il-Chan Kim , Joung Han Yim , Dockyu Kim
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J. Microbiol. 2014;52(10):825-833. Published online August 27, 2014
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-014-4226-6
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Abstract
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Following collection of seawater samples during an Arctic
Chukchi Sea expedition cruise of the Korean icebreaker
Araon in 2012, a total of 15,696 bacteria were randomly isolated
from Marine Broth 2216 agar plates. Of these, 2,526
(16%) showed proteolytic activity and were identified as
mainly Alteromonas (31%), Staphylococcus (27%), and Pseudoalteromonas
(14%). Among the proteolytic strains, seven
were selected based on their significant ability to grow and
produce a halo on skim milk plates at low temperatures
(<5°C) owing to cold-active proteases. These strains were
affiliated with the genus Pseudoalteromonas and were divided
into three groups based on phylogenetic analysis of the 16S
rRNA genes. Profiling cell membrane fatty acids confirmed
the 16S rRNA-based differentiation and revealed the accordance
between the two analyses. Seven genes for serine protease
precursors were amplified from the corresponding
strains, and based on sequence similarities, these genes were
divided into three groups that were identical to those identified
by the 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis. Three protease
genes from the representative strains of each group
were composed of 2,127–2,130 bp, encoding 708–709 amino
acids, and these genes yielded products with calculated molecular
weights of approximately 72.3–72.8 kDa. Amino acid
sequence analysis suggested that the precursors are members
of the subtilase serine endo- and exo-peptidase clan and contain
four domains (signal peptide, N-terminal prosequence,
catalytic domain, and two pre-peptidase C-terminal domains).
Upon expression in E. coli, each recombinant protease exhibited
proteolytic activity on zymogram gels.
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Citations
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