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- Mst1/2-ALK promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation and cell apoptosis during Listeria monocytogenes infection
- Aijiao Gao , Huixin Tang , Qian Zhang , Ruiqing Liu , Lin Wang , Yashan Liu , Zhi Qi , Yanna Shen
- J. Microbiol. 2021;59(7):681-692. Published online April 20, 2021
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-0638-2
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- 8 Citations
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Abstract
- Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) is a Gram-positive intracellular foodborne pathogen that causes severe diseases, such as meningitis and sepsis. The NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been reported to participate in host defense against pathogen infection. However, the exact molecular mechanisms underlying NLRP3 inflammasome activation remain to be fully elucidated. In the present study, the roles of mammalian Ste20- like kinases 1/2 (Mst1/2) and Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) in the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome induced by L. monocytogenes infection were investigated. The expression levels of Mst1/2, phospho (p)-ALK, p-JNK, Nek7, and NLRP3 downstream molecules including activated caspase- 1 (p20) and mature interleukin (IL)-1β (p17), were upregulated in L. monocytogenes-infected macrophages. The ALK inhibitor significantly decreased the expression of p-JNK, Nek7, and NLRP3 downstream molecules in macrophages infected with L. monocytogenes. Furthermore, the Mst1/2 inhibitor markedly inhibited the L. monocytogenes-induced activation of ALK, subsequently downregulating the expression of p-JNK, Nek7, and NLRP3 downstream molecules. Therefore, our study demonstrated that Mst1/2-ALK mediated the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by promoting the interaction between Nek7 and NLRP3 via JNK during L. monocytogenes infection, which subsequently increased the maturation and release of proinflammatory cytokine to resist pathogen infection. Moreover, Listeriolysin O played a key role in the process. In addition, we also found that the L. monocytogenes-induced apoptosis of J774A.1 cells was reduced by the Mst1/2 or ALK inhibitor. The present study reported, for the first time, that the Mst1/2-ALK-JNK-NLRP3 signaling pathway plays a vital proinflammatory role during L. monocytogenes infection.
- Changes in the microbial community of Litopenaeus vannamei larvae and rearing water during different growth stages after disinfection treatment of hatchery water
- Yafei Duan , Yapeng Tang , Jianhua Huang , Jiasong Zhang , Heizhao Lin , Shigui Jiang , Ruixuan Wang , Guofu Wang
- J. Microbiol. 2020;58(9):741-749. Published online July 24, 2020
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-0053-0
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Abstract
- Microbial communities greatly affect rearing water quality and the larvae health during shrimp hatchery periods. In this study, we investigated the microbial communities of rearing water and larvae of Litopenaeus vannamei after treating hatchery water with different kinds of chemical disinfectants: no disinfectants (Con), chlorine dioxide (ClO2), formaldehyde solution (HCHO), bleach powder (CaClO), and iodine (I2). The water and larval samples were collected from nauplius 6 (N6), zoea 1 (Z1), mysis 1 (M1), and postlarvae 1 (P1) shrimp growth periods. 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing revealed that the bacterial composition of the rearing water was more complex than that of the larvae, and the bacterial community of the rearing water and the larvae fluctuated significantly at the P1 and Z1 periods, respectively. Disinfectants altered the bacterial diversity and composition of the rearing water and larvae. Specifically, in the rearing water of the P1 period, Proteobacteria abundance was increased in the HCHO group; while Bacteroidetes abundance was decreased in the ClO2, HCHO, and I2 groups but increased in the CaClO group. In the larvae of the Z1 period, Firmicutes (especially Bacillus class) abundance was increased in the CaClO group, but decreased in the ClO2, HCHO, and I2 groups. Network analyses revealed that the genera Donghicola, Roseibacterium, Candidatus-Cquiluna, and Nautella were enriched in the rearing water, while Halomonas, Vibrio, and Flavirhabdus had high abundance in the larvae. The survival of shrimp was influenced by disinfectants that were inconsistent with the bacterial community changes. These results will be helpful for using microbial characteristics to facilitate healthy shrimp nursery.
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