Journal of Microbiology

Journal Article

Identification of avaC from Human Gut Microbial Isolates that Converts 5AVA to 2-Piperidone: Qiudi Zhou, Lihui Feng; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(5):367-379. Published online June 17, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00141-0

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Abstract: 2-piperidone is a crucial industrial raw material of high-value nylon-5 and nylon-6,5. Currently, a major bottleneck in the biosynthesis of 2-piperidone is the identification of highly efficient 2-piperidone synthases. In this study, we aimed to identify specific strains among 51 human gut bacterial strains capable of producing 2-piperidone and to elucidate its synthetic mechanism. Our findings revealed that four gut bacterial strains, namely Collinsella aerofaciens LFYP39, Collinsella intestinalis LFYP54, Clostridium bolteae LFYP116, and Clostridium hathewayi LFYP18, could produce 2-piperidone from 5-aminovaleric acid (5AVA). Additionally, we observed that 2-piperidone could be synthesized from proline through cross-feeding between Clostridium difficile LFYP43 and one of the four 2-piperidone producing strains, respectively. To identify the enzyme responsible for catalyzing the conversion of 5AVA to 2-piperidone, we utilized a gain-of-function library and identified avaC (5-aminovaleric acid cyclase) in C. intestinalis LFYP54. Moreover, homologous genes of avaC were validated in the other three bacterial strains. Notably, avaC were found to be widely distributed among environmental bacteria. Overall, our research delineated the gut bacterial strains and genes involved in 2-piperidone production, holding promise for enhancing the efficiency of industrial biosynthesis of this compound.

Review

[Minireview]The rationale and potential for using Lactobacillus in the management of periodontitis: Jiaqi Wang , Yingman Liu , Weiru Wang , Jiaojiao Ma , Manman Zhang , Xiaoying Lu , Jie Liu , Yurong Kou; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(4):355-363. Published online March 28, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1514-4

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Periodontitis refers to a wide range of the inflammatory conditions of supporting dental structures. For some patients with periodontitis, antibacterial agents are needed as an adjuvant to mechanical debridement treatments and oral hygiene maintenance. However, the widespread use of broad-spectrum antibiotics for the prophylaxis and treatment of periodontal infections
results
in the emergence of resistant pathogens. Therefore, probiotics have become markedly interesting to researchers as a potentially safe alternative to periodontal treatment and maintenance. Probiotics have been used in medicine for decades and extensively applied to the treatment of inflammatory diseases through the modulation of microbial synergy and other mechanisms. A growing amount of evidence has shown that using Lactobacillus strains for oral cavity maintenance could improve periodontal health. In this study, we reviewed studies showing proof of the inhibitory effects of Lactobacillus species on periodontal inflammation. We also explored the rationale and potential for using Lactobacillus species in the management of periodontitis.

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Lana Hasan Albardawel, Kinda Sultan, Mohammad Y. Hajeer, Mohammad Maarouf
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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Jiaxin Li, Yuxiao Wang, Maomao Tang, Chengdong Zhang, Yachen Fei, Meng Li, Mengjie Li, Shuangying Gui, Jian Guo
Journal of Nanobiotechnology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
HAMLET, a human milk protein-lipid complex, modulates amoxicillin induced changes in an ex vivo biofilm model of the oral microbiome
Navdeep Kaur Brar, Achal Dhariwal, Sudhanshu Shekhar, Roger Junges, Anders P. Hakansson, Fernanda Cristina Petersen
Frontiers in Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Limosilactobacillus reuteri supernatant attenuates inflammatory responses of human gingival fibroblasts to LPS but not to elevated glucose levels
T. M. Janson, L. L. Ramenzoni, C. R. Hatz, U. Schlagenhauf, T. Attin, P. R. Schmidlin
Journal of Periodontal Research.2024; 59(5): 974. CrossRef
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Xin Chen, Yi Zhao, Kun Xue, Mengyao Leng, Wei Yin
BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Mediterranean diet: a potential player in the link between oral microbiome and oral diseases
Giuseppina Augimeri, Giovanna Caparello, Ippolito Caputo, Rodolfo Reda, Luca Testarelli, Daniela Bonofiglio
Journal of Oral Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of Dietary Composite Probiotic Supplementation on the Microbiota of Different Oral Sites in Cats
Mingrui Zhang, Yingyue Cui, Xiaoying Mei, Longxian Li, Haotian Wang, Yingying Li, Yi Wu
Veterinary Sciences.2024; 11(8): 351. CrossRef
Efficacy of the Probiotic L. brevis in Counteracting the Demineralizing Process of the Tooth Enamel Surface: Results from an In Vitro Study
Serena Altamura, Francesca Rosaria Augello, Eleonora Ortu, Davide Pietropaoli, Benedetta Cinque, Mario Giannoni, Francesca Lombardi
Biomolecules.2024; 14(5): 605. CrossRef
Effects of systemic Bifidobacterium longum and Lactobacillus rhamnosus probiotics on the ligature-induced periodontitis in rat
Ying-Wu Chen, Ming-Lun Lee, Cheng-Yang Chiang, Earl Fu
Journal of Dental Sciences.2023; 18(4): 1477. CrossRef
Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Effects of Lyophilized Cell-Free Probiotic Supernatants of Three Lactobacillus spp. and Their Cytocompatibility Against Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells
Maryam Torshabi, Mohammad Mahdi Bardouni, Atieh Hashemi
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Managing Oral Health in the Context of Antimicrobial Resistance
Lucinda J. Bessa, João Botelho, Vanessa Machado, Ricardo Alves, José João Mendes
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(24): 16448. CrossRef
Use of the Probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 in Oral Diseases
Lisa Danielly Curcino Araujo, Flávia Aparecida Chaves Furlaneto, Léa Assed Bezerra da Silva, Yvonne L. Kapila
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(16): 9334. CrossRef

Journal Articles

Genetic characterization of African swine fever virus in Cameroon, 2010–2018: Abel Wade , Jenna Elizabeth Achenbach , Carmina Gallardo , Tirumala Bharani K. Settypalli , Abdoulkadiri Souley , Gaston Djonwe , Angelika Loitsch , Gwenaelle Dauphin , Jean Justin Essia Ngang , Onana Boyomo , Giovanni Cattoli , Adama Diallo , Charles Euloge Lamien; J. Microbiol. 2019;57(4):316-324. Published online March 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-019-8457-4

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Abstract

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly lethal haemorrhagic disease in domestic and wild swine that has acquired great importance in sub-Saharan Africa since 1997. ASF was first reported in Cameroon in 1982 and was detected only in Southern Cameroon (South, West, East, Northwest, Southwest, Littoral, and Centre regions) until February 2010 when suspected ASF outbreaks were reported in the North and Far North regions. We investigated those outbreaks by analysing samples that were collected from sick pigs between 2010 and 2018. We confirmed 428 positive samples by ELISA and realtime PCR and molecularly characterized 48 representative isolates. All the identified virus isolates were classified as ASFV genotype I based on the partial B646L gene (C-terminal end of VP72 gene) and the full E183L gene encoding p54 protein analysis. Furthermore, analysis of the central variable region (CVR) within the B602L gene demonstrated that there were 3 different variants of ASFV genotype I, with 19, 20, and 21 tetrameric tandem repeat sequences (TRSs), that were involved in the 2010–2018 outbreaks in Cameroon. Among them, only variant A (19 TRSs) was identical to the Cam/82 isolate found in the country during the first outbreaks in 1981–1982. This study demonstrated that the three variants of ASFV isolates involved in these outbreaks were similar to those of neighbouring countries, suggesting a movement of ASFV strains across borders. Designing common control measures in affected regions and providing a compensation programme for farmers will help reduce the incidence and spread of this disease.

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Internal Validation of the ASFV MONODOSE dtec-qPCR Kit for African Swine Fever Virus Detection under the UNE-EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 Criteria
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Porcine circovirus‐2 in Africa: Identification of continent‐specific clusters and evidence of independent viral introductions from Europe, North America and Asia
Giovanni Franzo, Tirumala B.K. Settypalli, Ebere Roseann Agusi, Clement Meseko, Germaine Minoungou, Bruno Lalidia Ouoba, Zerbo Lamouni Habibata, Abel Wade, José Luís de Barros, Curé Georges Tshilenge, Esayas Gelaye, Martha Yami, Daniel Gizaw, Tesfaye Rufa
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Agathe Auer, Tirumala B.K. Settypalli, Beatrice Mouille, Angelique Angot, Cristian De Battisti, Charles E. Lamien, Giovanni Cattoli
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Ebanja Joseph Ebwanga, Stephen Mbigha Ghogomu, Jan Paeshuyse
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Intestinibaculum porci gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Erysipelotrichaceae isolated from the small intestine of a swine: Ji-Sun Kim , Hanna Choe , Yu-Ri Lee , Kyung Mo Kim , Doo-Sang Park; J. Microbiol. 2019;57(5):381-387. Published online February 22, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-019-8631-8

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Abstract

A strictly anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive, catalase-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium, designated SG0102T, was isolated from the small intestine of a swine. Optimal growth occurred at 37°C and pH 7.0. Furthermore, growth was observed in the presence of up to 3% (w/v) NaCl but not at salinity levels higher than 4%. The comparative analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SG0102T was most closely related to Kandleria vitulina DSM 20405T (93.3%), followed by Catenibacterium mitsuokai KCTC 5053T (91.1%), Sharpea azabuensis KCTC 15217T (91.0%), and Eggerthia catenaformis DSM 5348T (89.6%). The average nucleotide identity values between strain SG0102T and related species, K. vitulina DSM 20405T, C. mitsuokai KCTC 5053T, S. azabuensis KCTC 15217T, and E. catenaformis DSM 5348T, were 71.0, 69.3, 70.0, and 69.2%, respectively. The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain SG0102T belonged to the family Erysipelotrichaceae in the class Erysipelotrichia. The DNA G+C content of the strain SG0102T was 39.5 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids (> 10%) of strain SG0102T were C16:0, C16:0 dimethyl acetal, and C18:2 ω9/12c. The cell wall peptidoglycan of strain SG0102T contained the meso-diaminopimelic acid. The strain SG0102T produced lactic acid as a major end product of fermentation. These distinct phenotypic and phylogenetic properties suggest that strain SG0102T represents a novel species in a novel genus of the family Erysipelotrichaceae, for which the name Intestinibaculum porci gen. nov. sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SG0102T (= KCTC 15725T = NBRC 113396T).

Citations

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An Update on Novel Taxa and Revised Taxonomic Status of Bacteria Isolated from Domestic Animals Described in 2018 to 2021
Erik Munson, Sara D. Lawhon, Claire R. Burbick, Amanda Zapp, Maia Villaflor, Elizabeth Thelen, Romney M. Humphries
Journal of Clinical Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Rumen microbial composition associated with the non‐glucogenic to glucogenic short‐chain fatty acids ratio in Holstein cows
Shuhei Takizawa, Takumi Shinkai, Yosuke Kobayashi, Masahiro Masuda, Kenji Hashiba, Kota Uchisawa, Fuminori Terada
Animal Science Journal.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The gut microbiome and resistome of conventionally vs. pasture-raised pigs
Devin B. Holman, Katherine E. Gzyl, Arun Kommadath
Microbial Genomics .2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Copranaerobaculum intestinale gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel anaerobic bacterium isolated from human faeces
Jun-Hui Feng, Yu-Xiao Chang, Liang-Hui Li, Meng-Meng Li, Zong-Yu Huang, Ni Han, Wen-Jun Li, Rui-Fu Yang, Ping-Hua Qu, Yu-Jing Bi
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2022;[Epub] CrossRef
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Comparison of antibiotic resistance and copper tolerance of Enterococcus spp. and Lactobacillus spp. isolated from piglets before and after weaning: Xueting Zou , Mengwei Weng , Xu Ji , Rong Guo , Weijiang Zheng , Wen Yao; J. Microbiol. 2017;55(9):703-710. Published online September 2, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-017-6241-x

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Abstract

In China, antimicrobials and copper are used extensively as growth-promoting agents for piglets. This study aimed to characterize the role of in-feed copper in the emergence of copper-tolerant and antibiotic-resistant Enterococcus and Lactobacillus isolates in Chinese pig farms. Feces of the same eight piglets from four litters at 7 and 55 days old and their mothers were traced in order to isolate Enterococcus spp. and Lactobacillus spp.. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of 10 antimicrobials and copper sulfate were determined using an agar dilution method. The feed levels of Cu2+ for lactating sows, suckling piglets, and weaned piglets were 6, 177, and 18 mg/kg, respectively. All the 136 Enterococcus isolates were sensitive to vancomycin; and the resistance rates to penicillin, enrofloxacin, and high level streptomycin resistance increased significantly after weaning. For the 155 Lactobacillus isolates, the resistance rates to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and enrofloxacin were significantly higher in weaned piglets. The ratios of copper tolerant Enterococcus and Lactobacillus isolates both increased significantly after weaning (P < 0.05). A phenotypic correlation was observed after classifying the isolates into two groups (CuSO4 MIC50 < 16 or 􎃶􀁇16 for enterococci; CuSO4 MIC50 < 12 or 􎃶􀁇12 for lactobacilli) and comparing the antimicrobial-resistant percentage of two groups. On species level, a significant increase of E. faecalis to enrofloxacin was observed in line with the increase of copper MIC (P < 0.05). The findings revealed the changes of the antibiotic resistance and copper tolerance level of enterococci and lactobacilli between suckling and weaned piglets and demonstrated that there might be a strong association between in-feed copper and increased antibiotic resistance in enterococci and lactobacilli in Chinese intensive swine farms.

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Feng Zhang, Erhui Jin, Xiaodan Liu, Xu Ji, Hong Hu
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Saeed Hasr Moradi Kargar, Najmeh Hadizadeh Shirazi
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Selection and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in Agri-food production
Guyue Cheng, Jianan Ning, Saeed Ahmed, Junhong Huang, Rizwan Ullah, Boyu An, Haihong Hao, Menghong Dai, Lingli Huang, Xu Wang, Zonghui Yuan
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

NOTE] Lysinibacillus jejuensis sp. nov., Isolated from Swinery Waste: Ji-Young Kim , So-Hyun Park , Duck-Chul Oh , Young-Ju Kim; J. Microbiol. 2013;51(6):872-876. Published online December 19, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-013-2500-7

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Abstract

A Gram-positive, endospore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain N2-5T, was isolated from swinery waste collected in Jeju, Republic of Korea. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that strain N2-5T formed a phyletic group within the phylum Firmicutes with less than 97.0% similarities to members of the genus Lysinibacillus, its nearest phylogenetic neighbors. The highest levels of sequence similarity to the isolate were observed against Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus XDB9T (96.8%), Lysinibacillus macroides LMG 18474T (95.6%), and Lysinibacillus parviboronicapiens BAM-582 T (95.6%). The organism grew optimally at 30°C and pH 7 and in the presence of 1–3% (w/v) NaCl. Strain N2-5T was chemotaxonomically characterized by possessing menaquinone-7 (MK-7) as the major menaquinone, and iso-C15:0 (54.9%), iso-C17:1ω10c (12.0%), and C16:1ω7c alcohol (11.8%) as the predominant fatty acids. The genomic DNA G+C content of the novel strain was 43.3 mol% and the cell-wall peptidoglycan was type A4α. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylethanolamine. Based on its phenotypic properties and phylogenetic data, strain N2-5T (=DSM 28310T =KCTC13837 T) represents a novel species in the genus Lysinibacillus, for which the name Lysinibacillus jejuensis sp. nov. is proposed.

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