Abstract
			
			The plant growth, stem sap flow, Na+ and Cl- content, and the expression of vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporter gene (LeNHX1) in the leaves and roots of tomato under different NaCl stresses (0.5% and 1%) were studied to analyze the effect of  arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on Na+ and Cl- accumulation and ion exchange. The results showed that arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) plant growth and stem sap flow increased and salt tolerance improved, whereas Na+ and Claccumulated. Na+ significantly decreased, and no significant decline was detected in Cl- content after AMF inoculation compared with the non-AM plants. The LeNHX1 gene expression was induced in the AM and non-AM plants by NaCl stress. However, AMF did not improve the LeNHX1 level, and low expression was observed in the AM tomato. Hence, the mechanism that reduced the Na+ damage to tomato induced by AMF has little relation to LeNHX1, which can export Na+ from the cytosol to the vacuole across the tonoplast.			
						
						
					 
		
		
		 
		
			Citations
			Citations to this article as recorded by  

- Context-dependent contributions of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to host performance under global change factors
 Lennel Camuy-Velez, Ditam Chakraborty, Addisyn Young, Sakshi Paudel, Rylie Elvers, Miranda Vanderhyde, Kelly Walter, Chantal Herzog, Samiran Banerjee
 Soil Biology and Biochemistry.2025; 204: 109707.     CrossRef
- NHX transporters: Molecular mechanisms and applications for enhancing crop resilience to soil salinity in changing environments
 Wessam A. Abdelrady, Karam Mostafa, Mostafa Saeed, Elsayed E. Elshawy, Musa Kavas, Velimir Mladenov, Ariola Bacu, Fanrong Zeng
 Plant Physiology and Biochemistry.2025; 229: 110603.     CrossRef
- Alleviation of drought and salt stress in vegetables: crop responses and mitigation strategies
 Muhammad Fasih Khalid, Samsul Huda, Miingtiem Yong, Lihua Li, Li Li, Zhong-Hua Chen, Talaat Ahmed
 Plant Growth Regulation.2023; 99(2): 177.     CrossRef
- Insights into the molecular aspects of salt stress tolerance in mycorrhizal plants
 Bhawna Saxena, Karuna Sharma, Rupam Kapoor, Qiang-Sheng Wu, Bhoopander Giri
 World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
- Infection by phloem-limited phytoplasma affects mineral nutrient homeostasis in tomato leaf tissues
 Sara Buoso, Rita Musetti, Fabio Marroni, Alberto Calderan, Wolfgang Schmidt, Simonetta Santi
 Journal of Plant Physiology.2022; 271: 153659.     CrossRef
- Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi in rhizosphere soil and roots in Vetiveria zizanioides plantation chronosequence in coal gangue heaps
 Tianyue Gu, Yuanyuan Mao, Chao Chen, Yong Wang, Qi Lu, Huaqiu Wang, Wei Cheng
 Symbiosis.2022; 86(1): 111.     CrossRef
- Physiological and molecular responses of wheat plants to mycorrhizal and epibrassinolide interactions under salinity
 Cobra Tofighi, Ramazan Ali Khavari-Nejad, Farzaneh Najafi, Khadijeh Razavi, Farhad Rejali
 Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology.2021; 155(5): 1075.     CrossRef
- Tapping the potential of Solanum lycopersicum L. pertaining to salinity tolerance: perspectives and challenges
 Sarvesh Pratap Kashyap, Nishi Kumari, Pallavi Mishra, Durga Prasad Moharana, Mohd Aamir
 Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution.2021; 68(6): 2207.     CrossRef
- Alleviation of Salt Stress in Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica cv. Leum Pua) Using Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation
 Rujira Tisarum, Cattarin Theerawitaya, Thapanee Samphumphuang, Kanyamin Polispitak, Panarat Thongpoem, Harminder Pal Singh, Suriyan Cha-um
 Frontiers in Plant Science.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
- Do halophytes and glycophytes differ in their interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under salt stress? A meta-analysis
 Jing Pan, Fei Peng, Anna Tedeschi, Xian Xue, Tao Wang, Jie Liao, Wenjuan Zhang, Cuihua Huang
 Botanical Studies.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
- Salinity tolerance and sodium localization in mycorrhizal strawberry plants
 Shiam Ibna Haque, Yoh-ichi Matsubara
 Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis.2018; 49(22): 2782.     CrossRef
- Whole-genome identification and expression analysis of K+ efflux antiporter (KEA) and Na+/H+ antiporter (NHX) families under abiotic stress in soybean
 Hua-tao CHEN, Xin CHEN, Bing-yue WU, Xing-xing YUAN, Hong-mei ZHANG, Xiao-yan CUI, Xiao-qing LIU
 Journal of Integrative Agriculture.2015; 14(6): 1171.     CrossRef
- Increasing the productivity and product quality of vegetable crops using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: A review
 C. Baum, W. El-Tohamy, N. Gruda
 Scientia Horticulturae.2015; 187: 131.     CrossRef