Abstract
We conducted a 2-year field experiment which was comprised
of five treatments, namely no straw returning (CK), straw
mulching (SM), straw plowed into the soil (SP), and straw
returned in granulated form (SG). The aim of this study was
to investigate the effects of different straw returning modes
on soil bacterial and fungal community structure and their
relationships to soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions at three
different soil depths (0–20, 20–40, and 40–60 cm) in a dryland
under maize cultivation in Northeast (NE) China. SM,
SP, and SG treatments significantly increased SOC content.
Compared with SM and SP treatments, SG treatment significantly
increased the content of SOC and easily oxidizable
carbon (EOC) in the topsoil (0–20 cm depth), and increased
dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and SOC content of the light
fraction (LFOC) in the 20–40 cm layer. Meanwhile, SG treatment
exhibited the highest microbial biomass C (MBC) content
in all of the three soil depths. SG treatment also enhanced
bacterial richness as well as fungal richness and diversity in the
upper 40 cm of soil. In addition, SG treatment increased the
relative abundance of Proteobacteria in all depths, and had
the highest relative abundance of Basidiomycota in the first
20 cm of soil. SP treatment showed the lowest soil organic
carbon content in all fractions and soil microbial community
composition. SM treatment exhibited similar results to SG
treatment in SOC, DOC, and LFOC contents, and bacterial
diversity in the topsoil and subsoil. As a whole, treatment SG
improved soil quality and maize yield, hence we recommend
returning granulated straw as the most effective practice for
enhancing labile SOC fractions as well as maintaining soil
diversity and microbial richness of arid farmlands in NE
China.
Citations
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