Abstract
Probiotics are known to protect against liver damage induced
by the alcohol and acetaldehyde accumulation associated with
alcohol intake. However, there have been few studies of the
direct effect of probiotics on alcohol metabolism, and the
types of probiotics that were previously analyzed were few in
number. Here, we investigated the effects of 19 probiotic species
on alcohol and acetaldehyde metabolism. Four probiotic
species that had a relatively high tolerance to alcohol and metabolized
alcohol and acetaldehyde effectively were identified:
Lactobacillus gasseri CBT LGA1, Lactobacillus casei CBT
LC5, Bifidobacterium lactis CBT BL3, and Bifidobacterium
breve CBT BR3. These species also demonstrated high mRNA
expression of alcohol and acetaldehyde dehydrogenases. Pro-
AP4, a mixture of these four probiotics species and excipient,
was then administered to rats for 2 weeks in advance of acute
alcohol administration. The serum alcohol and acetaldehyde
concentrations were significantly lower in the ProAP4-administered
group than in the control and excipient groups.
Thus, the administration of ProAP4, containing four probiotic
species, quickly lowers blood alcohol and acetaldehyde concentrations
in an alcohol and acetaldehyde dehydrogenasedependent
manner. Furthermore, the serum alanine aminotransferase
activity, which is indicative of liver damage, was
significantly lower in the ProAP4 group than in the control
group. The present findings suggest that ProAP4 may be an
effective means of limiting alcohol-induced liver damage.
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