Fleagrass (<i>Adenosma buchneroides Bonati</i>) Acts as a Fungicide against <i>Candida albicans</i> by Damaging Its Cell Wall

Youwei Wu; Hongxia Zhang; Hongjie Chen; Zhizhi Du; Qin Li; Ruirui Wang

doi:10.1007/s12275-024-00146-9

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Fleagrass (Adenosma buchneroides Bonati) Acts as a Fungicide against Candida albicans by Damaging Its Cell Wall: Youwei Wu¹, Hongxia Zhang², Hongjie Chen¹, Zhizhi Du², Qin Li¹, Ruirui Wang¹; Journal of Microbiology 2024;62(8):661-670.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00146-9
Published online: July 3, 2024

¹College of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650000, People's Republic of China
²Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China

Corresponding author: Ruirui Wang,
Email: wangrryucm@126.com

Youwei Wu and Hongxia Zhang contributed equally to this study as co-first authors.

Received: 5 March 2024 • Revised: 21 April 2024 • Accepted: 2 May 2024

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Abstract

Fleagrass, a herb known for its pleasant aroma, is widely used as a mosquito repellent, antibacterial agent, and for treating colds, reducing swelling, and alleviating pain. The antifungal effects of the essential oils of fleagrass and carvacrol against Candida albicans were investigated by evaluating the growth and the mycelial and biofilm development of C. albicans. Transmission electron microscopy was used to evaluate the integrity of the cell membrane and cell wall of C. albicans. Fleagrass exhibited high fungicidal activity against C. albicans at concentrations of 0.5% v/v (via the Ras1/cAMP/PKA pathway). Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy revealed damage to the cell wall and membrane after treatment with the essential oil, which was further confirmed by the increased levels of β-1,3-glucan and chitin in the cell wall. This study showed that fleagrass exerts good fungicidal and hyphal growth inhibition activity against C. albicans by disrupting its cell wall, and thus, fleagrass may be a potential antifungal drug.

Keywords: Candida albicans · Fleagrass · Carvacrol · Antifungal drug

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The Four Critical Priority Fungi According to the World Health Organization and the Hope for New Therapies: A Focus on Cell Wall Antifungal Targets
Gabriel Davi Marena, Gabriela Corrêa Carvalho, Martha Helena Chaves Magalhães, Julia Marcondes Figueiredo, Danilo Henrique Ramos, Joshua D. Nosanchuk, Carlos Pelleschi Taborda
Journal of Fungi.2026; 12(3): 162. CrossRef

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Fleagrass (Adenosma buchneroides Bonati) Acts as a Fungicide against Candida albicans by Damaging Its Cell Wall

J. Microbiol. 2024;62(8):661-670. Published online July 3, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00146-9

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