Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Indications, Methods, and Challenges.

Jee Young Lee; Yehwon Kim; Jiyoun Kim; Jiyeun Kate Kim

doi:10.1007/s12275-024-00184-3

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Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Indications, Methods, and Challenges.: Jee Young Lee¹, Yehwon Kim², Jiyoun Kim², Jiyeun Kate Kim¹; Journal of Microbiology 2024;62(12):1057-1074.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00184-3
Published online: November 18, 2024

¹Department of Microbiology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, 49267, Republic of Korea
²Department of Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, 49267, Republic of Korea

Corresponding author: Jiyeun Kate Kim,
Email: kate.yi@kosin.ac.kr

Received: 9 July 2024 • Revised: 25 September 2024 • Accepted: 16 October 2024

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Abstract

Over the past two decades, as the importance of gut microbiota to human health has become widely known, attempts have been made to treat diseases by correcting dysbiosis of gut microbiota through fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Apart from current knowledge of gut microbiota, FMT to treat disease has a long history, from the treatment of food poisoning in the fourth century to the treatment of Clostridioides difficile infections in the twentieth century. In 2013, FMT was recognized as a standard treatment for recurrent C. difficile because it consistently showed high efficacy. Though recurrent C. difficile is the only disease internationally recognized for FMT efficacy, FMT has been tested for other diseases and shown some promising preliminary results. Different FMT methods have been developed using various formulations and administration routes. Despite advances in FMT, some issues remain to be resolved, such as donor screening, manufacturing protocols, and unknown components in the fecal microbiota. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms, clinical indications, methods, and challenges of current FMT. We also discuss the development of alternative therapies to overcome the challenges of FMT.

Keywords: Clostridioides difficile; Fecal microbiota transplantation; Feces; Gut microbiota; Recurrent C. difficile infection

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Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Indications, Methods, and Challenges.

J. Microbiol. 2024;62(12):1057-1074. Published online November 18, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00184-3

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