Journal Article
	
	
				- Environmental Adaptation of Psychrophilic Bacteria Subtercola spp. Isolated from Various Cryospheric Habitats
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		Hanbyul Lee , Yong-Joon Cho , Ahnna Cho , Ok-Sun Kim 		
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			J. Microbiol. 2023;61(7):663-672.   Published online August 24, 2023		
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							DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-023-00068-y
					
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						 Abstract Abstract PDF PDF
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		Subtercola boreus K300T
is a novel psychrophilic strain that was isolated from permanently cold groundwater in Finland
and has also been found in several places in Antarctica including lake, soil, and rocks. We performed genomic and transcriptomic
analyses of 5 strains from Antarctica and a type strain to understand their adaptation to different environments.
Interestingly, the isolates from rocks showed a low growth rate and smaller genome size than strains from the other isolation
sources (lake, soil, and groundwater). Based on these habitat-dependent characteristics, the strains could be classified
into two ecotypes, which showed differences in energy production, signal transduction, and transcription in the clusters of
orthologous groups of proteins (COGs) functional category. In addition, expression pattern changes revealed differences
in metabolic processes, including uric acid metabolism, DNA repair, major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporters, and
xylose degradation, depending on the nutritional status of their habitats. These findings provide crucial insights into the
environmental adaptation of bacteria, highlighting genetic diversity and regulatory mechanisms that enable them to thrive
in the cryosphere.	
		
 Review
	
	
				- [MINIREVIEW]Gain and loss of antibiotic resistant genes in multidrug resistant bacteria: One Health perspective
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		Misung Kim , Jaeeun Park , Mingyeong Kang , Jihye Yang , Woojun Park 		
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			J. Microbiol. 2021;59(6):535-545.   Published online April 20, 2021		
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							DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-1085-9
					
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						 Abstract Abstract PDF PDF
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		The emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) has become
a global health threat due to the increasing unnecessary use
of antibiotics. Multidrug resistant bacteria occur mainly by
accumulating resistance genes on mobile genetic elements
(MGEs), made possible by horizontal gene transfer (HGT).
Humans and animal guts along with natural and engineered
environments such as wastewater treatment plants and manured
soils have proven to be the major reservoirs and hotspots
of spreading antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). As those
environments support the dissemination of MGEs through
the complex interactions that take place at the human-animalenvironment
interfaces, a growing One Health challenge is
for multiple sectors to communicate and work together to
prevent the emergence and spread of MDR bacteria. However,
maintenance of ARGs in a bacterial chromosome and/or
plasmids in the environments might place energy burdens
on bacterial fitness in the absence of antibiotics, and those
unnecessary ARGs could eventually be lost. This review highlights
and summarizes the current investigations into the gain
and loss of ARG genes in MDR bacteria among human-animal-
environment interfaces. We also suggest alternative treatments
such as combinatory therapies or sequential use of different
classes of antibiotics/adjuvants, treatment with enzymeinhibitors,
and phage therapy with antibiotics to solve the
MDR problem from the perspective of One Health issues.	
		
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 Journal Articles
	
	
				- Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effect of Korean propolis on Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric damage in vitro
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		Moon-Young Song , Da-Young Lee , Eun-Hee Kim 		
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			J. Microbiol. 2020;58(10):878-885.   Published online September 2, 2020		
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							DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-0277-z
					
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						 Abstract Abstract PDF PDF
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		Helicobacter pylori, present in the stomach lining, is a Gramnegative
bacterium that causes various gastrointestinal diseases,
including gastritis and peptic ulcers. Propolis is a natural
resinous substance collected from a variety of plants,
and contains several natural bioactive substances. The aim of
this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative
effects of Korean propolis on H. pylori-induced damage
in the human adenocarcinoma gastric cell line. The propolis
used in this study was obtained from the Korea Beekeeping
Association in South Korea. The expression of pro-inflammatory
interleukins (ILs), such as IL-8, IL-12, IL-1β, tumor
necrosis factor alpha, cyclooxygenase-2, and inducible
nitric oxide synthase, which was increased after H. pylori infection,
significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner
upon pretreatment with Korean propolis, because of the suppression
of mitogen-activated protein kinases and nuclear
factor κB pathway. The anti-oxidative activity of propolis was
assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate free
radical assay. Korean propolis showed significant anti-oxidative
effects via reactive oxygen species scavenging. In addition,
pretreatment with Korean propolis upregulated the
expression of anti-oxidant enzymes through Nrf2 signaling
activation. These findings indicate that the use of Korean propolis,
which has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects,
can be promising for the prevention of H. pylori-induced gastric
damage.	
		
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 Aman Dekebo, Chalshisa Geba, Daniel Bisrat, Jin Boo Jeong, Chuleui Jung
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 Felix Zulhendri, Ronny Lesmana, Steven Tandean, Andreas Christoper, Kavita Chandrasekaran, Ilham Irsyam, Auliya A. Suwantika, Rizky Abdulah, Nasrul Wathoni
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 Chunyan Han, Kai Zhang, XinKai Mo, Fu Wang
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 Jie Qiao, Jun Yang, Saman Jalili
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				- The effects of deletion of cellobiohydrolase genes on carbon source-dependent growth and enzymatic lignocellulose hydrolysis in Trichoderma reesei
- 
		Meibin Ren , Yifan Wang , Guoxin Liu , Bin Zuo , Yuancheng Zhang , Yunhe Wang , Weifeng Liu , Xiangmei Liu , Yaohua Zhong 		
- 
			J. Microbiol. 2020;58(8):687-695.   Published online June 10, 2020		
- 
							DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-9630-5
					
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						 Abstract Abstract PDF PDF
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		The saprophytic fungus Trichoderma reesei has long been used
as a model to study microbial degradation of lignocellulosic
biomass. The major cellulolytic enzymes of T. reesei are the
cellobiohydrolases CBH1 and CBH2, which constitute more
than 70% of total proteins secreted by the fungus. However,
their physiological functions and effects on enzymatic hydrolysis
of cellulose substrates are not sufficiently elucidated.
Here, the cellobiohydrolase-encoding genes cbh1 and cbh2
were deleted, individually or combinatively, by using an auxotrophic
marker-recycling technique in T. reesei. When cultured
on media with different soluble carbon sources, all three
deletion strains (Δcbh1, Δcbh2, and Δcbh1Δcbh2) exhibited
no dramatic variation in morphological phenotypes, but their
growth rates increased apparently when cultured on soluble
cellulase-inducing carbon sources. In addition, Δcbh1 showed
dramatically reduced growth and Δcbh1Δcbh2 could hardly
grew on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), whereas all strains
grew equally on sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na),
suggesting that the influence of the CBHs on growth was carbon
source-dependent. Moreover, five representative cellulose
substrates were used to analyse the influence of the absence
of CBHs on saccharification efficiency. CBH1 deficiency
significantly affected the enzymatic hydrolysis rates of various
cellulose substrates, where acid pre-treated corn stover
(PCS) was influenced the least. CBH2 deficiency reduced the
hydrolysis of MCC, PCS, and acid pre-treated and delignified
corncob but improved the hydrolysis ability of filter paper.
These results demonstrate the specific contributions of
CBHs to the hydrolysis of different types of biomass, which
could facilitate the development of tailor-made strains with
highly efficient hydrolysis enzymes for certain biomass types
in the biofuel industry.	
		
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			Citations Citations to this article as recorded by    
- Functional characterization of CEL3C reveals its critical role in regulating cellulase gene expression in Trichoderma reesei Rut C30
 Lu Wang, Xiao He, Tian Tian, Jian Cheng, Ruolan Cao, Jie Hou, Hui Lin, Yonghao Li
 Enzyme and Microbial Technology.2025; 190: 110706.     CrossRef
- The Role of Non-Catalytic Region in Determining the Difference in Efficiency Between Two Cellobiohydrolases Revealed Through a Genetic Approach
 Xinyuan Yan, Pankajkumar Ramdas Waghmare, Xiaoli Meng, Jianhui Zhang, Shaoming Ding, Yu Lei, Jun Yue, Guodong Liu
 Journal of Fungi.2025; 11(7): 536.     CrossRef
- Considerations for Domestication of Novel Strains of Filamentous Fungi
 Randi M. Pullen, Stephen R. Decker, Venkataramanan Subramanian, Meaghan J. Adler, Alexander V. Tobias, Matthew Perisin, Christian J. Sund, Matthew D. Servinsky, Mark T. Kozlowski
 ACS Synthetic Biology.2025; 14(2): 343.     CrossRef
- An efficient CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system based on a multiple sgRNA processing platform in Trichoderma reesei for strain improvement and enzyme production
 Jiaxin Zhang, Kehang Li, Yu Sun, Cheng Yao, Weifeng Liu, Hong Liu, Yaohua Zhong
 Biotechnology for Biofuels and Bioproducts.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
- Transcriptome-wide analysis of a superior xylan degrading isolate Penicillium oxalicum 5–18 revealed active lignocellulosic degrading genes
 Shuang Hu, Pei Han, Bao-Teng Wang, Long Jin, Hong-Hua Ruan, Feng-Jie Jin
 Archives of Microbiology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
- Engineering the secretome of Aspergillus niger for cellooligosaccharides production from plant biomass
 Fernanda Lopes de Figueiredo, Fabiano Jares Contesini, César Rafael Fanchini Terrasan, Jaqueline Aline Gerhardt, Ana Beatriz Corrêa, Everton Paschoal Antoniel, Natália Sayuri Wassano, Lucas Levassor, Sarita Cândida Rabelo, Telma Teixeira Franco, Uffe Hasb
 Microbial Cell Factories.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
- Constitutive overexpression of cellobiohydrolase 2 in Trichoderma reesei reveals its ability to initiate cellulose degradation
 Yubo Wang, Meibin Ren, Yifan Wang, Lu Wang, Hong Liu, Mei Shi, Yaohua Zhong
 Engineering Microbiology.2023; 3(1): 100059.     CrossRef
- Inducer-free recombinant protein production in Trichoderma reesei: secretory production of endogenous enzymes and heterologous nanobodies using glucose as the sole carbon source
 Toshiharu Arai, Mayumi Wada, Hiroki Nishiguchi, Yasushi Takimura, Jun Ishii
 Microbial Cell Factories.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
- The Influence of Trctf1 Gene Knockout by CRISPR–Cas9 on Cellulase Synthesis by Trichoderma reesei with Various Soluble Inducers
 Yudian Chen, Yushan Gao, Zancheng Wang, Nian Peng, Xiaoqin Ran, Tingting Chen, Lulu Liu, Yonghao Li
 Fermentation.2023; 9(8): 746.     CrossRef
- The effect of cellobiohydrolase 1 gene knockout for composition and hydrolytic activity of the enzyme complex secreted by filamentous fungus Penicillium verruculosum
 Valeriy Yu. Kislitsin, Andrey M. Chulkin, Ivan N. Zorov, Yuri А. Denisenko, Arkadiy P. Sinitsyn, Alexandra M. Rozhkova
 Bioresource Technology Reports.2022; 18: 101023.     CrossRef
- Deciphering the efficient cellulose degradation by the thermophilic fungus Myceliophthora thermophila focused on the synergistic action of glycoside hydrolases and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases
 Xing Qin, Jiahuan Zou, Kun Yang, Jinyang Li, Xiaolu Wang, Tao Tu, Yuan Wang, Bin Yao, Huoqing Huang, Huiying Luo
 Bioresource Technology.2022; 364: 128027.     CrossRef
 
 
	
	
				- Superantigen SpeA attenuates the biofilm forming capacity of Streptococcus pyogenes
- 
		Anshu Babbar , Israel Barrantes , Dietmar H. Pieper , Andreas Itzek 		
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			J. Microbiol. 2019;57(7):626-636.   Published online June 27, 2019		
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							DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-019-8648-z
					
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						 Abstract Abstract PDF PDF
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		Beta haemolytic Group A streptococcus (GAS) or Streptococcus
pyogenes are strict human pathogens responsible for
mild to severe fatal invasive infections. Even with enormous
number of reports exploring the role of S. pyogenes exotoxins
in its pathogenesis, inadequate knowledge on the biofilm
process and the potential role of exotoxins in bacterial dissemination
from matured biofilms has been a hindrance in
development of effective and targeted treatments. Therefore,
the present study was aimed in investigating the uncharted
role of these exotoxins in biofilm process. Through our study
the putative role of ciaRH in the SpeA dependent ablation
of biofilm formation could be speculated and thus helping
in bacterial dissemination. The seed-dispersal effect of SpeA
was time and concentration dependent and seen to be consistent
within various streptococcal species. Transcriptome
analysis of SpeA treated S. pyogenes biofilms revealed the involvement
of many transcriptional regulators (ciaRH) and
response genes (luxS, shr, shp, SPy_0572), hinting towards
specific mechanisms underlying the dispersal effect by SpeA.
This finding opens up a discussion towards understanding a
new mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of Streptococcus
pyogenes and might help in understanding the bacterial infections
in a better way.	
		
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			Citations Citations to this article as recorded by    
- Pathomolecular epidemiology, antimicrobial resistance, and virulence genes of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis isolates from slaughtered pigs in India
 Sagar M Patel, Monalisa Sahoo, Jigarji Chaturji Thakor, Dinesh Murali, Pradeep Kumar, Rajendra Singh, Karam Pal Singh, G Saikumar, Chandrakanta Jana, Shailesh Kumar Patel, Akash B Mote, Ravichandran Karthikeyan, Rajesh Kumar Vandre, Jitendra Kumar Biswal,
 Journal of Applied Microbiology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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 Ozcan Gazioglu, Medhanie Habtom, Peter W. Andrew, Hasan Yesilkaya
 Microbiology
.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
- An Inventory of CiaR-Dependent Small Regulatory RNAs in Streptococci
 Nancy Jabbour, Marie-Frédérique Lartigue
 Frontiers in Microbiology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
- Microbial biofilms and some aspects of anti-inflammatory drug use
 T. M. Rumynska, A. R. Hural, Y. T. Konechnyi, R. B. Vynnytska, A. V. Lozynskyi, Y. T. Salyha, O. P. Korniychuk,  R.B.  Lesyk
 Biopolymers and Cell.2021; 37(4): 247.     CrossRef
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            A current review of pathogenicity determinants of
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            sp.
          
 P.S. Lannes‐Costa, J.S.S. Oliveira, G. Silva Santos, P.E. Nagao
 Journal of Applied Microbiology.2021; 131(4): 1600.     CrossRef
- Genital Tract GAS Infection ISIDOG Guidelines
 Gilbert Donders, Peter Greenhouse, Francesca Donders, Ulrike Engel, Jorma Paavonen, Werner Mendling
 Journal of Clinical Medicine.2021; 10(9): 2043.     CrossRef
- The Role and Regulatory Network of the CiaRH Two-Component System in Streptococcal Species
 Li-Yuan He, Yao-Jin Le, Zhong Guo, Sha Li, Xiao-Yan Yang
 Frontiers in Microbiology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
- Deciphering Streptococcal Biofilms
 Puja Yadav, Shalini Verma, Richard Bauer, Monika Kumari, Meenakshi Dua, Atul Kumar Johri, Vikas Yadav, Barbara Spellerberg
 Microorganisms.2020; 8(11): 1835.     CrossRef
- Dissecting Streptococcus pyogenes interaction with human
 Munazza Ijaz, Fuad Ameen, Yaseen Abd Alfoteih, Saba Shamim, Wafa A. Alshehri, Ghulam Murtaza
 Archives of Microbiology.2020; 202(8): 2023.     CrossRef
 
 
	
	
				- Comparative Analysis of Superantigen Genes in Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Collected from a Single Mammary Quarter of Cows with Mastitis
- 
		Karol Fijałkowski  , Magdalena Struk  , Jolanta Karakulska  , Aleksandra Paszkowska  , Stefania Giedrys-Kalemba  , Helena Masiuk  , Danuta Czernomysy-Furowicz  , Paweł Nawrotek  		
- 
			J. Microbiol. 2014;52(5):366-372.   Published online April 11, 2014		
- 
							DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-014-3436-2
					
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		- 
						
						 Abstract Abstract PDF PDF
- 
		The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare genes encoding superantigens (SAgs) in Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus aureus isolates collected simultaneously from milk of the same cows with clinical mastitis. Genes encoding staphylococcal enterotoxins and enterotoxin-like proteins (sea-selu), toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (tst-1) and exfolia-tive toxins (eta and etd) were investigated. It was found that among 30 isolates of S. xylosus, 16 (53.3%) harbored from 1 to 10 SAg genes. In total, in 16 SAg positive S. xylosus, 11 different enterotoxin genes were detected: sec, sed, seg, seh, sei, selm, seln, selo, selp, ser, selu and one etd gene encoding exfoliative toxin D. The most prevalent genes were ser, selu, and selo. Among all the positive isolates of S. xylosus, a total of 14 different SAg gene combinations were detected. One combination was repeated in 3 isolates, whereas the rest were detected only once. However, in the case of S. aureus all the 30 isolates harbored the same combination of SAg genes: seg, sei, selm, seln, selo and on the basis of PFGE analysis all belonged to the same clonal type. Also noteworthy was the observation that SAg genes detected in S. aureus have also been found in S. xylosus. The findings of this study further extend previous observations that SAg genes are present not only in S. aureus but also in coagulase-negative staphy-lococci, including S. xylosus. Therefore, taking into account that the SAg genes are encoded on mobile genetic elements it is possible that these genes can be transferred between different species of coexisting staphylococci.	
		
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			Citations Citations to this article as recorded by    
- Microbial flora of the respiratory tract and skin of artisanal municipal solid waste handlers in Aba, Abia State, Nigeria
 I.W. Nwankwo, N.C. Nwachukwu, E.C. Onwuchekwa, O.C. Okamgba, O.C. Ugbogu
 Access Microbiology
.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
- Whole genome sequence and comparative genomics analysis of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus xylosus NM36 isolated from a cow with mastitis in Basrah city
 Hassan M. Al-Tameemi, Husam Al-Hraishawi, Murtakab Y. Al-Hejjaj, Noor S. Abdulah, Haider R. Alrafas, Yessar A. Dawood
 Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology.2023; 21(1): 163.     CrossRef
- Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus aureus as commensals and pathogens on murine skin
 Michael Battaglia, Lee Ann Garrett-Sinha
 Laboratory Animal Research.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
- Identification of the Enterotoxigenic Potential of Staphylococcus spp. from Raw Milk and Raw Milk Cheeses
 Patryk Wiśniewski, Joanna Gajewska, Anna Zadernowska, Wioleta Chajęcka-Wierzchowska
 Toxins.2023; 16(1): 17.     CrossRef
- Identification, Superantigen Toxin Gene Profile and Antimicrobial Resistance of Staphylococci Isolated from Polish Primitive Sheep Breeds
 Jolanta Karakulska, Marta Woroszyło, Małgorzata Szewczuk, Karol Fijałkowski
 Animals.2022; 12(16): 2139.     CrossRef
- Relationship between L-lactate dehydrogenase and multidrug resistance in Staphylococcus xylosus
 Zhongwei Yuan, Jinpeng Wang, Ruixiang Che, Bello-Onaghise God’spower, Yonghui Zhou, Chunliu Dong, Lu Li, Mingri Chen, Nsabimana Eliphaz, Xin Liu, Yanhua Li
 Archives of Microbiology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
- Prevalence and distribution of multilocus sequence types of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bulk tank milk and cows with mastitis in Pennsylvania
 Asha Thomas, Shubhada Chothe, Maurice Byukusenge, Tammy Mathews, Traci Pierre, Subhashinie Kariyawasam, Erin Luley, Suresh Kuchipudi, Bhushan Jayarao, Yung-Fu Chang
 PLOS ONE.2021; 16(3): e0248528.     CrossRef
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 I. Helak, E.G. Daczkowska-Kozon, A.A. Dłubała
 Journal of Dairy Science.2020; 103(4): 3076.     CrossRef
- 
            Comprehensive Virulence Gene Profiling of Bovine Non-
            aureus
            Staphylococci Based on Whole-Genome Sequencing Data
          
 Sohail Naushad, S. Ali Naqvi, Diego Nobrega, Christopher Luby, John P. Kastelic, Herman W. Barkema, Jeroen De Buck, Angela D. Kent
 mSystems.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
- Short communication: Search for superantigen genes in coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from bovine milk in Canada
 A. Corbeil, J. Labrie, C. Goetz, S. Dufour, I. Doghri, L. Rivière, M. Jacques
 Journal of Dairy Science.2019; 102(3): 2008.     CrossRef
- Influence of milk, milk fractions and milk proteins on the growth and viability of mastitis-causingStaphylococcus aureusstrain
 Karol Fijałkowski, Dorota Peitler, Anna Żywicka, Jolanta Karakulska, Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska
 Italian Journal of Animal Science.2017; 16(2): 321.     CrossRef
- Staphylococcus enterotoxin profile of China isolates and the superantigenicity of some novel enterotoxins
 Menglu Shen, Yi Li, Linlin Zhang, Songbao Dai, Jiashun Wang, Yongqing Li, Lei Zhang, Jinhai Huang
 Archives of Microbiology.2017; 199(5): 723.     CrossRef
- Relationships among superantigen toxin gene profiles, genotypes, and pathogenic characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from bovine mastitis
 Dong Wang, Limei Zhang, Changfu Yong, Mingliang Shen, Tariq Ali, Muhammad Shahid, Kun Han, Xuezhang Zhou, Bo Han
 Journal of Dairy Science.2017; 100(6): 4276.     CrossRef
- Staphylococci isolated from ready-to-eat meat – Identification, antibiotic resistance and toxin gene profile
 Karol Fijałkowski, Dorota Peitler, Jolanta Karakulska
 International Journal of Food Microbiology.2016; 238: 113.     CrossRef
- Antimicrobial susceptibility, virulence genes, and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of Staphylococcus aureus recovered from bovine mastitis in Ningxia, China
 Dong Wang, Limei Zhang, Xuezhang Zhou, Yulong He, Changfu Yong, Mingliang Shen, Otto Szenci, Bo Han
 Journal of Dairy Science.2016; 99(12): 9560.     CrossRef
- First Complete Genome Sequence of Staphylococcus xylosus, a Meat Starter Culture and a Host to Propagate Staphylococcus aureus Phages
 Simon J. Labrie, Lynn El Haddad, Denise M. Tremblay, Pier-Luc Plante, Jessica Wasserscheid, Jeannot Dumaresq, Ken Dewar, Jacques Corbeil, Sylvain Moineau
 Genome Announcements.2014;[Epub]     CrossRef
 
 
	
	
				- Sequence Analysis of the Gene Encoding H Antigen in Escherichia coli Isolated from Food in Morocco
- 
		Samira Badri , Aziz Fassouane , Ingrid Filliol , Mohammed Hassar , Nozha Cohen 		
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			J. Microbiol. 2010;48(2):184-187.   Published online May 1, 2010		
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							DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-010-9182-1
					
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		- 
						
						 Abstract Abstract PDF PDF
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		In order to develop other molecular method useful for typing of motile and non motile Escherichia coli strains, a total of 207 strains of E. coli (133 reference strains, 74 food strains) were characterized by analysis of sequences of their amplified flagellin-encoding (fliC) gene products. The collection of reference strains was used for database building of fliC gene sequences. Application of this identification system to 74 E. coli food isolates revealed a reproducible and clear cut classification with very good correlation to results obtained by HhaI restriction of the amplified flagellin gene. The proposed determination of fliC sequences variations should be helpful for epidemiological studies.	
		
- 
			Citations Citations to this article as recorded by    
- Molecular Serotyping and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Escherichia coli Isolated in Hospital Catering Service in Morocco
 Benjelloun Touimi Ghita, Laila Bennani, Sanae Berrada, Moussa Benboubker, Bahia Bennani
 International Journal of Microbiology.2020; 2020: 1.     CrossRef
- Identification of new flagellin-encoding fliC genes in Escherichia coli isolated from domestic animals using RFLP-PCR and sequencing methods
 Cláudia de Moura, Monique Ribeiro Tiba, Marcio José da Silva, Domingos da Silva Leite
 Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira.2013; 33(4): 417.     CrossRef
 
 Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'ts
	
	
				- Comparative Analysis of Immune Responses to Mycobacterium abscessus Infection and Its Antigens in Two Murine Models
- 
		Bo-Young Jeon , Jeongyeon Kwak , Seung-Sub Lee , SangNae Cho , Chul Jae Won , Jin Man Kim , Sung Jae Shin 		
- 
			J. Microbiol. 2009;47(5):633-640.   Published online October 24, 2009		
- 
							DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-009-0139-1
					
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		- 
						
						 Abstract Abstract PDF PDF
- 
		Mycobacterium abscessus has been identified as an emerging pulmonary pathogen in humans. Because little is known regarding immune responses elicited by M. abscessus or its antigens, immunological responses were studied in two murine models subjected to intravenous (high-dose or systemic infection) or pulmonary
(low-dose or local infection) inoculation with M. abscessus ATCC 19977. An overall comparison between the two models showed similar patterns of bacterial survival and host immune responses. The colonization of M. abscessus was the highest at 5 days post-infection (dpi) and its elimination was positively correlated with cell-mediated immunity in both challenges. However, an inverse relationship was observed between progressive inflammation and mycobacterial colonization levels in mice infected with a high dose at 14 dpi. Regarding antigens, culture filtrate (CF) of M. abscessus strongly induced IFN-γ secretion, whereas cellular extract (CE) antigen elicited strong antibody responses. The antibody response to M. abscessus antigens in mice subjected to low-dose infection increased when the cellular immune response decreased over 14 dpi. However, the antibody response for the high-dose infection increased promptly after the infection. In comparison
of cytokine expression in lung homogenates after M. abscessus infection, Th1 and Th2 cytokines increased simultaneously in the high-dose infection, whereas only cell-mediated immunity developed in the low-dose pulmonary infection. These findings not only enhance our understanding of the immune response to M. abscessus infection according to systemic or pulmonary infection, but may also aid in immunological diagnosis and vaccine development.	
		
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			Citations Citations to this article as recorded by    
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 Joseph A. Jurcisek, Nikola Kurbatfinski, Kathryn Q. Wilbanks, Jaime D. Rhodes, Steven D. Goodman, Lauren O. Bakaletz
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 Frontiers in Microbiology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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 Camilla Riva, Enrico Tortoli, Federica Cugnata, Francesca Sanvito, Antonio Esposito, Marco Rossi, Anna Colarieti, Tamara Canu, Cristina Cigana, Alessandra Bragonzi, Nicola Ivan Loré, Paolo Miotto, Daniela Maria Cirillo
 International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2020; 21(18): 6590.     CrossRef
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 Lindsay J. Caverly, Silvia M. Caceres, Cori Fratelli, Carrie Happoldt, Kelley M. Kidwell, Kenneth C. Malcolm, Jerry A. Nick, David P. Nichols, Nades Palaniyar
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 Jong-Seok Kim, Woo Sik Kim, Keehoon Lee, Choul-Jae Won, Jin Man Kim, Seok-Yong Eum, Won-Jung Koh, Sung Jae Shin, Yung-Fu Chang
 PLoS ONE.2013; 8(3): e59646.     CrossRef
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 Raymond Liu, Kelvin K. W. To, Jade L. L. Teng, Garnet K. Y. Choi, Ka-Yi Mok, Kin-Ip Law, Eugene Y. K. Tso, Kitty S. C. Fung, Tak-Chiu Wu, Alan K. L. Wu, Shing-Hoi Fung, Sally C. Y. Wong, Nigel J. Trendell-Smith, Kwok-Yung Yuen
 Clinical Infectious Diseases.2013; 57(7): 981.     CrossRef
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 Go-Eun Choi, Youngsuk Jo, Sung Jae Shin
 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology.2012; 42(1): 17.     CrossRef
 
 
	
	
				- Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of H3N2 Human Influenza A Viruses in Cheongju, South Korea
- 
		Yun Hee Baek , Jeung Hyun Park , Young Jun Song , Min-Suk Song , Philippe Noriel Q. Pascua , Yoon-Soo Hahn , Heon-Seok Han , Ok-Jun Lee , Ki-Soon Kim , Chun Kang , Young-Ki Choi 		
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			J. Microbiol. 2009;47(1):91-100.   Published online February 20, 2009		
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							DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-008-0207-y
					
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		To investigate the genetic characteristics of human influenza viruses circulating in Chungbuk province, we tested 510 clinical samples of nasopharyngeal suction from pediatric patients diagnosed with respiratory illness between June 2007 and June 2008. Genetic characterization of the HA genes of H3N2 isolates indicated the relative higher similarity to A/Virginia/04/07 (99.6%) rather than that of A/Wisconsin/67/2005 (98.4%), a Northern Hemisphere 2007~2008 vaccine strain, based on amino acid sequences. We found several altered amino acids at the H3 HA1 antigenic sites compared with the vaccine strain; K140I at site A, K158R at site B, and K173N (H471) or K173Q, and S262N at site E, but there was no antigenic shift among the H3N2 viruses. Interestingly, A/Cheongju/H383/08 and A/Cheongju/H407/08 isolates had single amino acid substitution at D151G on the catalytic site of the N2 NA while A/Cheongju/H412/08 and A/Cheongju/H398/07 isolates had one amino acid deletion at residue 146. Furthermore, we found that 25% (3 out of 12 isolates) of the H3N2 subtype viruses had the amino acid substitution at position 31 on the M2 protein (Aspartic acid to Asparagine) and confirmed their drug-resistance by biological assays. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrated continuous evolutions of human H3N2 viruses by antigenic drift and also highlighted the need to closely monitor antigenic drug resistance in influenza A viruses to aid in the early detection of potentially pandemic strains, as well as underscore the need for new therapeutics.	
		
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 Sehee Park, Jin Il Kim, Ilseob Lee, Sangmoo Lee, Min-Woong Hwang, Joon-Yong Bae, Jun Heo, Eun-Joo Lim, Won-Seok Seok, Hee Jin Cheong, Joon Young Song, Woo Joo Kim, Man-Seong Park
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- Full genomic analysis of an influenza A (H1N2) virus identified during 2009 pandemic in Eastern India: evidence of reassortment event between co-circulating A(H1N1)pdm09 and A/Brisbane/10/2007-like H3N2 strains
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- Virulence and Genetic Compatibility of Polymerase Reassortant Viruses Derived from the Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Influenza Virus and Circulating Influenza A Viruses
 Min-Suk Song, Philippe Noriel Q. Pascua, Jun Han Lee, Yun Hee Baek, Kuk Jin Park, Hyeok-il Kwon, Su-Jin Park, Chul-Joong Kim, Hyunggee Kim, Richard J. Webby, Robert G. Webster, Young Ki Choi
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- Genetic characterization of circulating seasonal Influenza A viruses (2005–2009) revealed introduction of oseltamivir resistant H1N1 strains during 2009 in eastern India
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- Monoclonal antibodies isolated from human B cells neutralize a broad range of H1 subtype influenza A viruses including swine-origin Influenza virus (S-OIV)
 Roberto Burioni, Filippo Canducci, Nicasio Mancini, Nicola Clementi, Monica Sassi, Donata De Marco, Roberta Antonia Diotti, Diego Saita, Michela Sampaolo, Giuseppe Sautto, Matteo Pianezze, Massimo Clementi
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				- Enhancement of Immunotherapeutic Effects of HPV16E7 on Cervical Cancer by Fusion with CTLA4 Extracellular Region
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		Yi Zheng , Yijuan Zhang , Jun Wan , Chaofan Shi , Laiqiang Huang 		
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			J. Microbiol. 2008;46(6):728-736.   Published online December 24, 2008		
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							DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-008-0087-1
					
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						 Abstract Abstract PDF PDF
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		Cervical cancer is caused by infection by high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), especially HPV16. Limitations in current treatments of cervical cancers call for the development of new and improved immunotherapies. This study aims at investigating the efficacy of a novel vaccine consisting of modified HPV 16E7 fused with human cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4). The regions in HPV16 E7 gene associated with its transformation and CTL-enhanced response were modified; the resultant HPV16mE7 was fused with extracellular region of CTLA4 to generate HPVm16E7-eCTLA4 fusion protein. Binding of this fusion protein to B7 molecules expressed on antigen presenting-cells (APCs) was demonstrated. C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice immunized with low dose of the fusion protein (10 μg) produced higher titer antibody and stronger specific CTL response, and expressed higher levels of IFN-γ and IL-12, compared with those immunized with HPVm16E7 only or admixture of HPVm16E7 and CTLA4, or PBS; and were protected from lethal dose tumor challenge. Tumor growth was retarded and survival prolonged in mouse models with the fusion protein treatment. Our results demonstrate that fusion of HPV16 E7 with eCTLA4 targeting APCs resulted in enhanced immunity, and that this fusion protein may be useful for improving the efficacy of immunotherapeutic treatments of cervical cancer and other HPV16 infection-associated tumors.	
		
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			Citations Citations to this article as recorded by    
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				- Genetic Characterization of the Escherichia coli O66 Antigen and Functional Identification of its wzy Gene
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		Jiansong Cheng , Bin Liu , David A. Bastin , Weiqing Han , Lei Wang , Lu Feng 		
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			J. Microbiol. 2007;45(1):69-74. 		
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							DOI: https://doi.org/2488 [pii]
					
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		Escherichia coli is a clonal species, and occurs as both commensal and pathogenic strains, which are normally classified on the basis of their O, H, and K antigens. The O-antigen (O-specific polysaccharide), which consists of a series of oligosaccharide (O-unit) repeats, contributes major antigenic variability to the cell surface. The O-antigen gene cluster of E. coli O66 was sequenced in this study. The genes putatively responsible for the biosynthesis of dTDP-6-deoxy-L-talose and GDP-mannose, as well as those responsible for the transfer of sugars and for O-unit processing were identified based on their homology. The function of the wzy gene was confirmed by the results of a mutation test. Genes specific for E. coli O66 were identified via PCR screening against representatives of 186 E. coli and Shigella O type strains. The comparison of intergenic sequences located between galF and the O-antigen gene cluster in a range of E. coli and Shigella showed that this region may perform an important function in the homologous recombination of the O-antigen gene clusters.	
		
 
	
	
				- Independent regulation of antigen processing and presentation on induction of antibody responses to various bacterial antigens in C3H/He mice
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		Kim, Hyung Su , Jeong, Ga Jin 		
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			J. Microbiol. 1995;33(4):355-362. 		
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		Induction of antibody production in C3H/He mice by bacterial infection is regulated through the processing exerted by antigen presenting cells. From the studies with Psudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, and Micrococcus luteu, lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in Gram negative bacteria, which are known to be T-cell independent B cell mitogen, seem to be the major factor stimulating immune responses via activation of macrophages. Activation of macrophage, however, does not seem to correlate with antibody production. M. luteus was easily eliminatd by activated macrophages, while the processed antigens were immediately releasedd into culture medium before presentation. Nevertheless, antigens from Gram positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, were very very active in chemotaxis and activation of periotoneal macrophages as well as in antien presnetation, while the very nature of the antigens is not yet clearly understood.	
		
 
	
	
				- Efficient Generation of BLCL Expressing Foreign Antigen as Antigen-presenting Cells with Recombinant Retroviruses
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		Hyun-Il Cho , Soon-Young Paik , Il-Hoan Oh , Kyu-Jung Ahn , Dong-Wook Kim , Jin-Han Kang , Wan-Shik Shin , Chun-Choo Kim , Hoon Han 		
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			J. Microbiol. 2001;39(4):300-304. 		
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						 Abstract Abstract PDF PDF
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		Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-transformed lymphoblastoid B cell lines, BLCL, which expresse antigens, are potential antigen-presenting cells (APCs) for the induction of CTL in vitro. However, transfection of BLCLs with subsequent selection by antibiotics is notoriously difficult because plating efficiencies of BLCLs are reported to be 1% or less. To generate stable transfectants of BLCLs, we produced high titers of retroviruses encoding pp65 antigen of human cytomegalovirus as foreign antigens and transduced them to BLCLs. The pp65 gene was cloned into the retroviral vector pLXSN. The recombinant retroviral vector was transfected to ecotropic packaging cell line, GP&E86, and this polyclonal recombinant retrovirus was transduced to PA317 that is amphotropic packaging cell line. The titers of cloned PA317 amphotropic retroviruses ranged from 5 to 7 X 10^6 colony forming units (CFU) per ml (CFU/ml). We performed three rounds of consecutive transductions to BLCLs in order to improve the cloning efficiencies. The expression of recombinant HCMV-pp65 antigen was more than 20% after the final transduction. The third-transduced BLCLs were easily selected in optimal concentration of G418. BLCLs expressing foreign antigens could be used as target cells for CTL assay and/or as APCs for induction of in vitro CTL responses specific for viral and tumor antigens.