Journal of Microbiology

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Inhibition of candidalysin production by methoxy-apo-enterobactin from Streptomyces ambofaciens CJD34 as a novel antifungal strategy against Candida albicans: Eui-Seong Kim, Hyeongju Jeong, Mustansir Abbas, Soohyun Um, Juntack Oh, Kyuho Moon, Kyung-Tae Lee; J. Microbiol. 2025;63(6):e2504019. Published online June 30, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.71150/jm.2504019

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Abstract PDF: Opportunistic fungal pathogens, responsible for over 300 million severe cases and 1.5 million deaths annually, pose a serious global health threat, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Among these, Candida albicans is a major cause of both superficial and invasive infections, which can progress to systemic candidiasis. One of the critical factors in C. albicans pathogenicity is the yeast-to-hyphal transition, which enables biofilm formation and promotes tissue invasion through the secretion of candidalysin, a cytolytic peptide toxin encoded by the ECE1 gene. In this study, metabolites produced by Streptomyces ambofaciens CJD34, isolated from soil samples, were screened for antifungal activity. Methoxy-apo-enterobactin (compound 1) was identified as a potential inhibitor of C. albicans virulence. Treatment with compound 1 significantly suppressed ECE1 expression and candidalysin production. In a murine subcutaneous infection model, topical application of compound 1 reduced subcutaneous colonization by C. albicans. Molecular docking analysis suggested that the inhibition of ECE1 expression was not mediated by direct binding to known upstream transcription factors, indicating an indirect mechanism of action. Collectively, these findings highlight compound 1 as a promising antivirulence agent targeting candidalysin-mediated pathogenicity in C. albicans.

Journal Article

Inhibition of Virulence Associated Traits by β-Sitosterol Isolated from Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Flowers Against Candida albicans: Mechanistic Insight and Molecular Docking Studies: Pallvi Mohana, Atamjit Singh, Farhana Rashid, Sharabjit Singh, Kirandeep Kaur, Rupali Rana, Preet Mohinder Singh Bedi, Neena Bedi, Rajinder Kaur, Saroj Arora; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(12):1165-1175. Published online November 6, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00174-5

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The emerging drug resistance and lack of safer and more potent antifungal agents make Candida infections another hot topic in the healthcare system. At the same time, the potential of plant products in developing novel antifungal drugs is also in the limelight. Considering these facts, we have investigated the different extracts of the flowers of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis of the Malvaceae family for their antifungal efficacy against five different pathogenic Candida strains. Among the various extracts, the chloroform extract showed the maximum zone of inhibition (26.6 ± 0.5 mm) against the Candida albicans strain. Furthermore, the chloroform fraction was isolated, and a sterol compound was identified as β-sitosterol. Mechanistic studies were conducted to understand the mechanism of action, and the results showed that β-sitosterol has significant antifungal activity and is capable of interrupting biofilm formation and acts by inhibiting ergosterol biosynthesis in Candida albicans cells. Microscopic and molecular docking studies confirmed these findings. Overall, the study validates the antifungal efficacy of Candida albicans due to the presence of β-sitosterol which can act as an effective constituent for antifungal drug development individually or in combination.

Citations

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Extraction of Hibiscus rosa sinensis Flower
Shubham Porte, Vinayak Kaushik, Geetanjali Sahu, Sharang Bali
Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology.2025; : 339. CrossRef
Hibiscus rosa‐sinensis: A Multifunctional Flower Bridging Nutrition, Medicine, and Molecular Therapeutics
Hassan Raza, Muhammad Tauseef Sultan, Khalil Ahmad, Muhammad Maaz, Shehnshah Zafar, Ahmad Mujtaba Noman, Entessar Mohammad Al Jbawi
Food Science & Nutrition.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

Meta-Analysis

Exploring COVID-19 Pandemic Disparities with Transcriptomic Meta-analysis from the Perspective of Personalized Medicine: Medi Kori, Ceyda Kasavi, Kazim Yalcin Arga; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(9):785-798. Published online July 9, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00154-9

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