Journal of Microbiology

Reviews

Advancements in dengue vaccines: A historical overview and pro-spects for following next-generation candidates: Kai Yan, Lingjing Mao, Jiaming Lan, Zhongdang Xiao; J. Microbiol. 2025;63(2):e2410018. Published online February 27, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.71150/jm.2410018

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Abstract PDF: Dengue, caused by four serotypes of dengue viruses (DENV-1 to DENV-4), is the most prevalent and widely mosquito-borne viral disease affecting humans. Dengue virus (DENV) infection has been reported in over 100 countries, and approximately half of the world's population is now at risk. The paucity of universally licensed DENV vaccines highlights the urgent need to address this public health concern. Action and attention to antibody-dependent enhancement increase the difficulty of vaccine development. With the worsening dengue fever epidemic, Dengvaxia^® (CYD-TDV) and Qdenga^® (TAK-003) have been approved for use in specific populations in affected areas. However, these vaccines do not provide a balanced immune response to all four DENV serotypes and the vaccination cannot cover all populations. There is still a need to develop a safe, broad-spectrum, and effective vaccine to address the increasing number of dengue cases worldwide. This review provides an overview of the existing DENV vaccines, as well as potential candidates for future studies on DENV vaccine development, and discusses the challenges and possible solutions in the field.

Recent Advances of Nipah Virus Disease: Pathobiology to Treatment and Vaccine Advancement: Sagnik Saha, Manojit Bhattacharya, Sang-Soo Lee, Chiranjib Chakraborty; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(10):811-828. Published online September 18, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00168-3

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Abstract: The zoonotic infection of the Nipah virus (NiV) has yet again appeared in 2023 in Kerala state, India. The virus, which has a mortality rate ranging from about 40 to 70%, has already infected India five times, the first being in 2001. The current infection is the sixth virus outbreak in the Indian population. In 1998, the first NiV infection was noted in one village in Malaysia. After that, outbreaks from other South and Southeast Asian countries have been reported periodically. It can spread between humans through contact with body fluids. Therefore, it is unlikely to generate a new pandemic. However, there is a considerable knowledge gap in the different areas of NiV. To date, no approved vaccines or treatments have been available. To fulfil the knowledge gap, the review article provided a detailed overview of the genome and genome-encoded proteins, epidemiology, transmission, pathobiology, immunobiology, diagnosis, prevention and control measures, therapeutics (monoclonal antibodies and drug molecules), and vaccine advancement of the emerging and deadly pathogen. The advanced information will help researchers to develop safe and effective NiV vaccine and treatment regimens worldwide.

Adenoviral Vector System: A Comprehensive Overview of Constructions, Therapeutic Applications and Host Responses: Anyeseu Park, Jeong Yoon Lee; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(7):491-509. Published online July 22, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00159-4

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Abstract

Adenoviral vectors are crucial for gene therapy and vaccine development, offering a platform for gene delivery into host cells. Since the discovery of adenoviruses, first-generation vectors with limited capacity have evolved to third-generation vectors flacking viral coding sequences, balancing safety and gene-carrying capacity. The applications of adenoviral vectors for gene therapy and anti-viral treatments have expanded through the use of in vitro ligation and homologous recombination, along with gene editing advancements such as CRISPR-Cas9. Current research aims to maintain the efficacy and safety of adenoviral vectors by addressing challenges such as pre-existing immunity against adenoviral vectors and developing new adenoviral vectors from rare adenovirus types and non-human species. In summary, adenoviral vectors have great potential in gene therapy and vaccine development. Through continuous research and technological advancements, these vectors are expected to lead to the development of safer and more effective treatments.

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Engineering an oncolytic adenoviral platform for precise delivery of antisense peptide nucleic acid to modulate PD-L1 overexpression in cancer cells
Andrea Patrizia Falanga, Francesca Greco, Monica Terracciano, Stefano D’Errico, Maria Marzano, Sara Feola, Valentina Sepe, Flavia Fontana, Ilaria Piccialli, Vincenzo Cerullo, Hélder A. Santos, Nicola Borbone
International Journal of Pharmaceutics.2025; 668: 124941. CrossRef
Enhancing precision in cancer treatment: the role of gene therapy and immune modulation in oncology
Emile Youssef, Brandon Fletcher, Dannelle Palmer
Frontiers in Medicine.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Protein-Based Degraders: From Chemical Biology Tools to Neo-Therapeutics
Lisha Ou, Mekedlawit T. Setegne, Jeandele Elliot, Fangfang Shen, Laura M. K. Dassama
Chemical Reviews.2025; 125(4): 2120. CrossRef
Intestinal mucus: the unsung hero in the battle against viral gastroenteritis
Waqar Saleem, Ateeqa Aslam, Mehlayl Tariq, Hans Nauwynck
Gut Pathogens.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Chromatin structure and gene transcription of recombinant p53 adenovirus vector within host
Duo Ning, Yuqing Deng, Simon Zhongyuan Tian
Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Molecular Engineering of Virus Tropism
Bo He, Belinda Wilson, Shih-Heng Chen, Kedar Sharma, Erica Scappini, Molly Cook, Robert Petrovich, Negin P. Martin
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(20): 11094. CrossRef
Antisolvent 3D Printing of Gene-Activated Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration
Andrey Vyacheslavovich Vasilyev, Irina Alekseevna Nedorubova, Viktoria Olegovna Chernomyrdina, Anastasiia Yurevna Meglei, Viktoriia Pavlovna Basina, Anton Vladimirovich Mironov, Valeriya Sergeevna Kuznetsova, Victoria Alexandrovna Sinelnikova, Olga Anatol
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(24): 13300. CrossRef

Journal Articles

Vaccine Development for Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus in Dogs: Seok-Chan Park, Da-Eun Jeong, Sun-Woo Han, Joon-Seok Chae, Joo-Yong Lee, Hyun-Sook Kim, Bumseok Kim, Jun-Gu Kang; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(4):327-335. Published online April 18, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00119-y

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Abstract: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a life-threatening viral zoonosis. The causative agent of this disease is the Dabie bandavirus, which is usually known as the SFTS virus (SFTSV). Although the role of vertebrates in SFTSV transmission to humans remains uncertain, some reports have suggested that dogs could potentially transmit SFTSV to humans. Consequently, preventive measures against SFTSV in dogs are urgently needed. In the present study, dogs were immunized three times at two-week intervals with formaldehyde-inactivated SFTSV with two types of adjuvants. SFTSV (KCD46) was injected into all dogs two weeks after the final immunization. Control dogs showed viremia from 2 to 4 days post infection (dpi), and displayed white pulp atrophy in the spleen, along with a high level of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling assay (TUNEL) positive area. However, the inactivated SFTSV vaccine groups exhibited rare pathological changes and significantly reduced TUNEL positive areas in the spleen. Furthermore, SFTSV viral loads were not detected at any of the tested dpi. Our results indicate that both adjuvants can be safely used in combination with an inactivated SFTSV formulation to induce strong neutralizing antibodies. Inactivated SFTSV vaccines effectively prevent pathogenicity and viremia in dogs infected with SFTSV. In conclusion, our study highlighted the potential of inactivated SFTSV vaccination for SFTSV control in dogs.

Lactobacillus acidophilus KBL409 Ameliorates Atopic Dermatitis in a Mouse Model: Woon-ki Kim , You Jin Jang , SungJun Park , Sung-gyu Min , Heeun Kwon , Min Jung Jo , GwangPyo Ko; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(2):91-99. Published online February 22, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00104-5

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Abstract

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with repeated exacerbations of eczema and pruritus. Probiotics can prevent or treat AD appropriately via modulation of immune responses and gut microbiota. In this study, we evaluated effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) KBL409 using a house dust mite (Dermatophagoides farinae)-induced in vivo AD model. Oral administration of L. acidophilus KBL409 significantly reduced dermatitis scores and decreased infiltration of immune cells in skin tissues. L. acidophilus KBL409 reduced in serum immunoglobulin E and mRNA levels of T helper (Th)1 (Interferon-γ), Th2 (Interleukin [IL]-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-31), and Th17 (IL-17A) cytokines in skin tissues. The anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was increased and Foxp3 expression was up-regulated in AD-induced mice with L. acidophilus KBL409. Furthermore, L. acidophilus KBL409 significantly modulated gut microbiota and concentrations of short-chain fatty acids and amino acids, which could explain its effects on AD. Our results suggest that L. acidophilus KBL409 is the potential probiotic for AD treatment by modulating of immune responses and gut microbiota of host.

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The Skin Histopathology of Pro- and Parabiotics in a Mouse Model of Atopic Dermatitis
Hun Hwan Kim, Se Hyo Jeong, Min Yeong Park, Pritam Bhagwan Bhosale, Abuyaseer Abusaliya, Jeong Doo Heo, Hyun Wook Kim, Je Kyung Seong, Tae Yang Kim, Jeong Woo Park, Byeong Soo Kim, Gon Sup Kim
Nutrients.2024; 16(17): 2903. CrossRef
Limosilactobacillus fermentum KBL674 Alleviates Vaginal Candidiasis
Sung Jae Jang, Eun Jung Jo, Cheonghoon Lee, Bo-Ram Cho, Yun Jeong Shin, Jun Soo Song, Woon-Ki Kim, Nanhee Lee, Hyungjin Lee, SungJun Park, GwangPyo Ko
Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

Environmental Adaptation of Psychrophilic Bacteria Subtercola spp. Isolated from Various Cryospheric Habitats: Hanbyul Lee , Yong-Joon Cho , Ahnna Cho , Ok-Sun Kim; J. Microbiol. 2023;61(7):663-672. Published online August 24, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-023-00068-y

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Abstract: Subtercola boreus K300T is a novel psychrophilic strain that was isolated from permanently cold groundwater in Finland and has also been found in several places in Antarctica including lake, soil, and rocks. We performed genomic and transcriptomic analyses of 5 strains from Antarctica and a type strain to understand their adaptation to different environments. Interestingly, the isolates from rocks showed a low growth rate and smaller genome size than strains from the other isolation sources (lake, soil, and groundwater). Based on these habitat-dependent characteristics, the strains could be classified into two ecotypes, which showed differences in energy production, signal transduction, and transcription in the clusters of orthologous groups of proteins (COGs) functional category. In addition, expression pattern changes revealed differences in metabolic processes, including uric acid metabolism, DNA repair, major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporters, and xylose degradation, depending on the nutritional status of their habitats. These findings provide crucial insights into the environmental adaptation of bacteria, highlighting genetic diversity and regulatory mechanisms that enable them to thrive in the cryosphere.

Heterologous Production and Structure Determination of a New Lanthipeptide Sinosporapeptin Using a Cryptic Gene Cluster in an Actinobacterium Sinosporangium siamense: Keita Saito , Keiichiro Mukai , Issara Kaweewan , Hiroyuki Nakagawa , Takeshi Hosaka , Shinya Kodani; J. Microbiol. 2023;61(6):641-648. Published online June 12, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-023-00059-z

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Abstract

Lipolanthine is a subclass of lanthipeptide that has the modification of lipid moiety at the N-terminus. A cryptic biosynthetic gene cluster comprising four genes (sinA, sinKC, sinD, and sinE) involved in the biosynthesis of lipolanthine was identified in the genome of an actinobacterium Sinosporangium siamense. Heterologous coexpression of a precursor peptide coding gene sinA and lanthipeptide synthetase coding gene sinKC in the host Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) resulted in the synthesis of a new lanthipeptide, sinosporapeptin. It contained unusual amino acids, including one labionin and two dehydrobutyrine residues, as determined using NMR and MS analyses. Another coexpression experiment with two additional genes of decarboxylase (sinD) and N-acetyl transferase (sinE) resulted in the production of a lipolanthine-like modified sinosporapeptin.

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Heterologous biosynthesis of myxobacterial lanthipeptides melittapeptins
Issara Kaweewan, Keiichiro Mukai, Pratchaya Rukthanapitak, Hiroyuki Nakagawa, Takeshi Hosaka, Shinya Kodani
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Facile Method for Determining Lanthipeptide Stereochemistry
Youran Luo, Shuyun Xu, Autumn M. Frerk, Wilfred A. van der Donk
Analytical Chemistry.2024; 96(4): 1767. CrossRef
Antimicrobial Peptides Derived from Bacteria: Classification, Sources, and Mechanism of Action against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria
Raynichka Mihaylova-Garnizova, Slavena Davidova, Yordan Hodzhev, Galina Satchanska
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(19): 10788. CrossRef

Identification and Characterization of HEPN‑MNT Type II TA System from Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus ΔH: Wonho Choi , Anoth Maharjan , Hae Gang Im , Ji-Young Park , Jong-Tae Park , Jung-Ho Park; J. Microbiol. 2023;61(4):411-421. Published online April 18, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-023-00041-9

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Abstract

Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are widespread in bacteria and archaea plasmids and genomes to regulate DNA replication, gene transcr!ption, or protein translation. Higher eukaryotic and prokaryotic nucleotide-binding (HEPN) and minimal nucleotidyltransferase (MNT) domains are prevalent in prokaryotic genomes and constitute TA pairs. However, three gene pairs (MTH304/305, 408/409, and 463/464) of Methanothermobacter thermautotropicus ΔH HEPN-MNT family have not been studied as TA systems. Among these candidates, our study characterizes the MTH463/MTH464 TA system. MTH463 expression inhibited Escherichia coli growth, whereas MTH464 did not and blocked MTH463 instead. Using site-directed MTH463 mutagenesis, we determined that amino acids R99G, H104A, and Y106A from the R[ɸX]4-6H motif are involved with MTH463 cell toxicity. Furthermore, we established that purified MTH463 could degrade MS2 phage RNA, whereas purified MTH464 neutralized MTH463 activity in vitro. Our results indicate that the endonuclease toxin MTH463 (encoding a HEPN domain) and its cognate antitoxin MTH464 (encoding the MNT domain) may act as a type II TA system in M. thermautotropicus ΔH. This study provides initial and essential information studying TA system functions, primarily archaea HEPN-MNT family.

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Extensive Genomic Rearrangement of Catalase-Less Cyanobloom-Forming Microcystis aeruginosa in Freshwater Ecosystems
Minkyung Kim, Jaejoon Jung, Wonjae Kim, Yerim Park, Che Ok Jeon, Woojun Park
Journal of Microbiology.2024; 62(11): 933. CrossRef

Vibrio vulnificus PlpA facilitates necrotic host cell death induced by the pore forming MARTX toxin: Changyi Cho , Sanghyeon Choi , Myung Hee Kim , Byoung Sik Kim; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(2):224-233. Published online February 1, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1448-x

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Abstract

Opportunistic pathogen Vibrio vulnificus causes severe systemic infection in humans with high mortality. Although multiple exotoxins have been characterized in V. vulnificus, their interactions and potential synergistic roles in pathogen-induced host cell death have not been investigated previously. By employing a series of multiple exotoxin deletion mutants, we investigated whether specific exotoxins of the pathogen functioned together to achieve severe and rapid necrotic cell death. Human epithelial cells treated with V. vulnificus with a plpA deletion background exhibited an unusually prolonged cell blebbing, suggesting the importance of PlpA, a phospholipase A2, in rapid necrotic cell death by this pathogen. Additional deletion of the rtxA gene encoding the multifunctional autoprocessing repeats-in-toxin (MARTX) toxin did not result in necrotic cell blebs. However, if the rtxA gene was engineered to produce an effector-free MARTX toxin, the cell blebbing was observed, indicating that the pore forming activity of the MARTX toxin is sufficient, but the MARTX toxin effector domains are not necessary, for the blebbing. When a recombinant PlpA was treated on the blebbed cells, the blebs were completely disrupted. Consistent with this, MARTX toxin-pendent rapid release of cytosolic lactate dehydrogenase was significantly delayed in the plpA deletion background. Mutations in other exotoxins such as elastase, cytolysin/hemolysin, and/or extracellular metalloprotease did not affect the bleb formation or disruption. Together, these findings indicate that the pore forming MARTX toxin and the phospholipase A2, PlpA, cooperate sequentially to achieve rapid necrotic cell death by inducing cell blebbing and disrupting the blebs, respectively.

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Genome-wide phenotypic profiling of transcription factors and identification of novel targets to control the virulence of Vibrio vulnificus
Dayoung Sung, Garam Choi, Minji Ahn, Hokyung Byun, Tae Young Kim, Hojun Lee, Zee-Won Lee, Ji Yong Park, Young Hyun Jung, Ho Jae Han, Sang Ho Choi
Nucleic Acids Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Vibrio-infecting bacteriophages and their potential to control biofilm
Ana Cevallos-Urena, Jeong Yeon Kim, Byoung Sik Kim
Food Science and Biotechnology.2023; 32(12): 1719. CrossRef
Pathogenic Mechanism of Vibrio Vulnificus Infection
Kun Lu, Yang Li, Rui Chen, Hua Yang, Yong Wang, Wei Xiong, Fang Xu, Qijun Yuan, Haihui Liang, Xian Xiao, Renqiang Huang, Zhipeng Chen, Chunou Tian, Songqing Wang
Future Microbiology.2023; 18(6): 373. CrossRef
Functional conservation of specialized ribosomes bearing genome-encoded variant rRNAs in Vibrio species
Younkyung Choi, Eunkyoung Shin, Minho Lee, Ji-Hyun Yeom, Kangseok Lee, Bashir Sajo Mienda
PLOS ONE.2023; 18(12): e0289072. CrossRef
Complex regulatory networks of virulence factors in Vibrio vulnificus
Garam Choi, Sang Ho Choi
Trends in Microbiology.2022; 30(12): 1205. CrossRef
MARTX toxin of Vibrio vulnificus induces RBC phosphatidylserine exposure that can contribute to thrombosis
Han Young Chung, Yiying Bian, Kyung-Min Lim, Byoung Sik Kim, Sang Ho Choi
Nature Communications.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

Vagococcus zengguangii sp. nov., isolated from yak faeces: Yajun Ge , Dong Jin , Xin-He Lai , Jing Yang , Shan Lu , Ying Huang , Han Zheng , Xiaoyan Zhang , Jianguo Xu; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(1):1-9. Published online December 23, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-0406-3

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Abstract

Two unknown Gram-stain-positive, catalase- and oxidasenegative, non-motile, and coccus-shaped bacteria, designated MN-17T and MN-09, were isolated from yaks faeces (Bos grunniens) in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China. 16S rRNA gene sequence-based comparative analyses revealed that the two strains were grouped within the genus Vagococcus, displaying the highest similarity with Vagococcus xieshaowenii CGMCC 1.16436T (98.6%) and Vagococcus elongatus CCUG 51432T (96.4%). Both strains grew optimally at 37°C and pH 7.0 in the presence of 0.5% (w/v) NaCl. The complete genome of MN-17T comprises 2,085 putative genes with a total of 2,190,262 bp and an average G + C content of 36.7 mol%. The major fatty acids were C16:0 (31.2%), C14:0 (28.5%), and C18:1ω9c (13.0%); the predominant respiratory quinone was MK-7 (68.8%); the peptidoglycan type was A4α(L-Lys-DAsp); and the major polar lipid was diphosphatidylglycerol. Together, these supported the affiliation of strain MN-17T to the genus Vagococcus. In silico DNA-DNA hybridization and the average nucleotide identity values between MN-17T and all recognized species in the genus were 21.6–26.1% and 70.7–83.0%, respectively. MN-17T produced acid from D-cellobiose, D-fructose, glycerol, D-glucose, N-acetyl-glucosamine, gentiobiose, D-mannose, D-maltose, D-ribose, Dsaccharose, salicin, D-trehalose, and D-xylose. These results distinguished MN-17T and MN-09 from closely related species in Vagococcus. Thus, we propose that strains MN-17T and MN-09 represent a novel species in the genus Vagococcus, with the name Vagococcus zengguangii sp. The type strain is MN-17T (= CGMCC 1.16726T = GDMCC 1.1589T = JCM 33478T).

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Vagococcus proximus sp. nov. and Vagococcus intermedius sp. nov., originating from modified atmosphere packaged broiler meat
Per Johansson, Elina Jääskeläinen, Elina Säde, Johanna Björkroth
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Phenotypic and genomic characteristics of Brevibacterium zhoupengii sp. nov., a novel halotolerant actinomycete isolated from bat feces
Yuyuan Huang, Lingzhi Dong, Jian Gong, Jing Yang, Shan Lu, Xin-He Lai, Dong Jin, Qianni Huang, Ji Pu, Liyun Liu, Jianguo Xu
Journal of Microbiology.2022; 60(10): 977. CrossRef

Analyses of DNA double-strand break repair pathways in tandem arrays of HXT genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Ju-Hee Choi , Ye-Seul Lim , Min-Ku Kim , Sung-Ho Bae; J. Microbiol. 2020;58(11):957-966. Published online October 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-0461-1

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Abstract

Eukaryotic genomes contain numerous homologous repeat sequences including redundant genes with divergent homology that can be potential recombination targets. Recombination between divergent sequences is rare but poses a substantial threat to genome stability. The hexose transporter (HXT) gene family shares high sequence similarities at both protein and DNA levels, and some members are placed close together in tandem arrays. In this study, we show that spontaneous interstitial deletions occur at significantly high rates in HXT gene clusters, resulting in chimeric HXT sequences that contain a single junction point. We also observed that DNA double-strand breaks created between HXT genes produce primarily interstitial deletions, whereas internal cleavage of the HXT gene resulted in gene conversions as well as deletion products. Interestingly, interstitial deletions were less constrained by sequence divergence than gene conversion. Moreover, recombination-defective mutations differentially affected the survival frequency. Mutations that impair single-strand annealing (SSA) pathway greatly reduced the survival frequency by 10–1,000-fold, whereas disruption of Rad51-dependent homologous recombination exhibited only modest reduction. Our results indicate that recombination in the tandemly repeated HXT genes occurs primarily via SSA pathway.

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Deletion of IRC19 Causes Defects in DNA Double-Strand Break Repair Pathways in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Ju-Hee Choi, Oyungoo Bayarmagnai, Sung-Ho Bae
Journal of Microbiology.2024; 62(9): 749. CrossRef
A novel CRISPR/Cas9 system with high genomic editing efficiency and recyclable auxotrophic selective marker for multiple-step metabolic rewriting in Pichia pastoris
Xiang Wang, Yi Li, Zhehao Jin, Xiangjian Liu, Xiang Gao, Shuyuan Guo, Tao Yu
Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology.2023; 8(3): 445. CrossRef
Enhancing Homologous Recombination Efficiency in Pichia pastoris for Multiplex Genome Integration Using Short Homology Arms
Jucan Gao, Cuifang Ye, Jintao Cheng, Lihong Jiang, Xinghao Yuan, Jiazhang Lian
ACS Synthetic Biology.2022; 11(2): 547. CrossRef
Effects of the loss of mismatch repair genes on single-strand annealing between divergent sequences in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Ye-Seul Lim, Ju-Hee Choi, Kyu-Jin Ahn, Min-Ku Kim, Sung-Ho Bae
Journal of Microbiology.2021; 59(4): 401. CrossRef

Iron interferes with quorum sensing-mediated cooperation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by affecting the expression of ppyR and mexT, in addition to rhlR: Feng Sun , Na Li , Lijia Wang , Huajun Feng , Dongsheng Shen , Meizhen Wang; J. Microbiol. 2020;58(11):938-944. Published online October 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-0264-4

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Abstract

The stabilization of quorum sensing (QS) is vital for bacterial survival in various environments. Although the mechanisms of QS stabilization in certain conditions have been well studied, the impact of environmental factors has received much less attention. In this study, we show that the supplementation of 25 μM iron in competition experiments and 50 μM in evolution experiments to casein growth cultures significantly increased the possibility of population collapse by affecting elastase production. However, the expression of lasI and lasR remained constant regardless of iron concentration and hence this effect was not through interference with the LasIR circuit, which mainly regulates the secretion of elastase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, the expression of rhlR was significantly inhibited by iron treatment, which could affect the production of elastase. Further, based on both reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and gene knock-out assays, we show that iron inhibits the transcription of ppyR and enhances the expression of mexT, both of which decrease elastase production and correspondingly interfere with QS stabilization. Our findings show that environmental factors can affect the genes of QS circuits, interfering with QS stabilization. These findings are not only beneficial in understanding the mechanistic effect of iron on QS stabilization, but also demonstrate the complexity of QS stabilization by linking non-QS-related genes with QS traits.

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Effect of LuxS/AI-2-mediated quorum sensing system on bacteriocin production of Lactobacillus plantarum NMD-17
Li-Li Man, Dian-Jun Xiang
Folia Microbiologica.2023; 68(6): 855. CrossRef
PtsN in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Is Phosphorylated by Redundant Upstream Proteins and Impacts Virulence-Related Genes
Simon A. M. Underhill, Somalisa Pan, Mary Erdmann, Matthew T. Cabeen, Joseph Bondy-Denomy
Journal of Bacteriology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The immune responses to different Uropathogens call individual interventions for bladder infection
Linlong Li, Yangyang Li, Jiali Yang, Xiang Xie, Huan Chen
Frontiers in Immunology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Design of Polymeric Thin Films to Direct Microbial Biofilm Growth, Virulence, and Metabolism
Trevor Franklin, Yinan Wu, Jiayan Lang, Sijin Li, Rong Yang
Biomacromolecules.2021; 22(12): 4933. CrossRef

Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effect of Korean propolis on Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric damage in vitro: Moon-Young Song , Da-Young Lee , Eun-Hee Kim; J. Microbiol. 2020;58(10):878-885. Published online September 2, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-0277-z

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Abstract

Helicobacter pylori, present in the stomach lining, is a Gramnegative bacterium that causes various gastrointestinal diseases, including gastritis and peptic ulcers. Propolis is a natural resinous substance collected from a variety of plants, and contains several natural bioactive substances. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of Korean propolis on H. pylori-induced damage in the human adenocarcinoma gastric cell line. The propolis used in this study was obtained from the Korea Beekeeping Association in South Korea. The expression of pro-inflammatory interleukins (ILs), such as IL-8, IL-12, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha, cyclooxygenase-2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase, which was increased after H. pylori infection, significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner upon pretreatment with Korean propolis, because of the suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinases and nuclear factor κB pathway. The anti-oxidative activity of propolis was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate free radical assay. Korean propolis showed significant anti-oxidative effects via reactive oxygen species scavenging. In addition, pretreatment with Korean propolis upregulated the expression of anti-oxidant enzymes through Nrf2 signaling activation. These findings indicate that the use of Korean propolis, which has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects, can be promising for the prevention of H. pylori-induced gastric damage.

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Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation Reveal Therapeutic Potential of Propolis in UV-Induced Allergic Dermatitis
Liyuan Cheng, Jie Wang, Yicong Wang, Jingjing Li, Wenchao Yang
Foods.2025; 14(6): 996. CrossRef
Propolis as an autophagy modulator in relation to its roles in redox balance and inflammation regulation
R. Lesmana, S. Tandean, A. Christoper, A.A. Suwantika, N. Wathoni, R. Abdulah, J. Fearnley, V. Bankova, F. Zulhendri
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy.2024; 175: 116745. CrossRef
Exploring the Prospective Role of Propolis in Modifying Aging Hallmarks
Carla Scorza, Valeria Goncalves, Josef Finsterer, Fúlvio Scorza, Fernando Fonseca
Cells.2024; 13(5): 390. CrossRef
Development of a chitosan/propolis-based polymeric system: Characterization, biocompatibility, and modulation of transcription factor expression
Raquel Velázquez-Rodríguez, Amaury Pozos-Guillén, Martha Gabriela Chuc-Gamboa, Juan Valerio Cauich-Rodríguez, Héctor Flores-Reyes, Francisco Javier Tejeda-Nava, Fernando Javier Aguilar-Perez, Diana Maria Escobar Garcia
Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers.2024; 39(5): 329. CrossRef
Therapeutic potential of propolis in alleviating inflammatory response and promoting wound healing in skin burn
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Caspase-3 inhibitor inhibits enterovirus D68 production: Wenbo Huo , Jinghua Yu , Chunyu Liu , Ting Wu , Yue Wang , Xiangling Meng , Fengmei Song , Shuxia Zhang , Ying Su , Yumeng Liu , Jinming Liu , Xiaoyan Yu , Shucheng Hua; J. Microbiol. 2020;58(9):812-820. Published online September 1, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-0241-y

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Abstract

Enterovirus D68 (EVD68) is an emerging pathogen that recently caused a large worldwide outbreak of severe respiratory disease in children. However, the relationship between EVD68 and host cells remains unclear. Caspases are involved in cell death, immune response, and even viral production. We found that caspase-3 was activated during EVD68 replication to induce apoptosis. Caspase-3 inhibitor (Z-DEVDFMK) inhibited viral production, protected host cells from the cytopathic effects of EVD68 infection, and prevented EVD68 from regulating the host cell cycle at G0/G1. Meanwhile, caspase-3 activator (PAC-1) increased EVD68 production. EVD68 infection therefore activates caspase-3 for virus production. This knowledge provides a potential direction for the prevention and treatment of disease related to EVD68.

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Simultaneous detection of Salmonella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in environmental water using PMA combined with mPCR: Guoyang Xie , Shuang Yu , Wen Li , Dan Mu , Zoraida P. Aguilar , Hengyi Xu; J. Microbiol. 2020;58(8):668-674. Published online June 25, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-0084-6

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Abstract

A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) with propidium monoazide (PMA) and internal amplification control (IAC) for the simultaneous detection of waterborne pathogens Salmonella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, and Escherichia coli O157:H7, was developed. This PMA-IAC-mPCR assay used four new specific primers based on the genes for invA, ecfX, cesB, and fliC, respectively. A 16S rRNA primer was chosen for IAC to eliminate false negative
results
. The photosensitive dye, propidium monoazide (PMA) was used to exclude signals from dead bacteria that could lead to false positive results. In pure culture, the limits of detection (LOD) were 101 CFU/ml for P. aeruginosa, 102 CFU/ml for both Salmonella spp. and E. coli O157:H7, and 103 CFU/ml for B. cereus, respectively. In addition, with a 6–8 h enrichment of all four bacteria that were combined in a mixture that was spiked in water sample matrix, the LOD was 3 CFU/ml for Salmonella spp., 7 CFU/ml for E. coli O157:H7, 10 CFU/ml for B. cereus and 2 CFU/ml for P. aeruginosa. This PMA-IAC-mPCR assay holds potential for application in the multiplex assay of waterborne pathogens.

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