Insights into the immune responses of SARS-CoV-2 in relation to COVID-19 vaccines

Heedo Park; Mee Sook Park; Jong Hyeon Seok; Jaehwan You; Jineui Kim; Jeonghun Kim; Man-Seong Park

doi:10.1007/s12275-022-1598-x

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Insights into the immune responses of SARS-CoV-2 in relation to COVID-19 vaccines: Heedo Park , Mee Sook Park , Jong Hyeon Seok , Jaehwan You , Jineui Kim , Jeonghun Kim , Man-Seong Park; Journal of Microbiology 2022;60(3):308-320.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1598-x
Published online: March 2, 2022

Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Chung Mong-Koo Vaccine Innovation Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Chung Mong-Koo Vaccine Innovation Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea

Corresponding author: Man-Seong Park ,

Received: 16 November 2021 • Revised: 24 December 2021 • Accepted: 31 December 2021

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Abstract

The three types of approved coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) vaccines that have been emergency-use listed (EUL) by the World Health Organization are mRNA vaccines, adenovirus- vectored vaccines, and inactivated vaccines. Canonical vaccine developments usually take years or decades to be completed to commercialization; however, the EUL vaccines being used in the current situation comprise several COVID- 19 vaccine candidates applied in studies and clinical settings across the world. The extraordinary circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic have necessitated the emergency authorization of these EUL vaccines, which have been rapidly developed. Although the benefits of the EUL vaccines outweigh their adverse effects, there have been reports of rare but fatal cases directly associated with COVID-19 vaccinations. Thus, a reassessment of the immunological rationale underlying EUL vaccines in relation to COVID-19 caused by SARSCOV- 2 virus infection is now required. In this review, we discuss the manifestations of COVID-19, immunologically projected effects of EUL vaccines, reported immune responses, informed issues related to COVID-19 vaccination, and the potential strategies for future vaccine use against antigenic variants.

Keywords: Cryptococcus;DNA N-glycosylase;DNA damage;DNA mutation

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Insights into the immune responses of SARS-CoV-2 in relation to COVID-19 vaccines

J. Microbiol. 2022;60(3):308-320. Published online March 2, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1598-x

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