Transmissibility and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 variants in animal models

Young-Il Kim; Mark Anthony B. Casel; Young Ki Choi

doi:10.1007/s12275-022-2033-z

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Transmissibility and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 variants in animal models: Young-Il Kim ¹, Mark Anthony B. Casel ², Young Ki Choi ^1,2; Journal of Microbiology 2022;60(3):255-267.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-2033-z
Published online: March 2, 2022

¹Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea, ²College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea¹Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea, ²College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea

Corresponding author: Young Ki Choi , Tel: +82-43-261-3384,

Received: 28 January 2022 • Revised: 16 February 2022 • Accepted: 17 February 2022

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Abstract

As of February 2022, SARS-CoV-2 is still one of the most serious public health threats due to its high mortality rate and rapid spread of novel variants. Since the first outbreak in 2019, general understanding of SARS-CoV-2 has been improved through basic and clinical studies; however, knowledge gaps still exist in our understanding of the emerging novel SARSCoV- 2 variants, which impacts the corresponding development of vaccines and therapeutics. Especially, accumulation of mutations in SARS-CoV-2 and rapid spread in populations with previous immunity has resulted in selection of variants that evade the host immune response. This phenomenon threatens to render current SARS-CoV-2 vaccines ineffective for controlling the pandemic. Proper animal models are essential for detailed investigations into the viral etiology, transmission and pathogenesis mechanisms, as well as evaluation of the efficacy of vaccine candidates against recent SARS-CoV-2 variants. Further, the choice of animal model for each research topic is important for researchers to gain better knowledge of recent SARS-CoV-2 variants. Here, we review the advantages and limitations of each animal model, including mice, hamsters, ferrets, and non-human primates, to elucidate variant SARS-CoV-2 etiology and transmission and to evaluate therapeutic and vaccine efficacy.

Keywords: aquaculture pond;bacterial community;eukaryotic microorganisms;sediment;water

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Transmissibility and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 variants in animal models

J. Microbiol. 2022;60(3):255-267. Published online March 2, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-2033-z

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