Journal Articles
- Licochalcone A Protects Vaginal Epithelial Cells Against Candida albicans Infection Via the TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway
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Wei Li, Yujun Yin, Taoqiong Li, Yiqun Wang, Wenyin Shi
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J. Microbiol. 2024;62(7):525-533. Published online May 31, 2024
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00134-z
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Abstract
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Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a prevalent condition affecting a significant portion of women worldwide. Licochalcone A (LA), a natural compound with diverse biological activities, holds promise as a protective agent against Candida albicans (C. albicans) infection. This study aims to investigate the potential of LA to safeguard vaginal epithelial cells (VECs) from C. albicans infection and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. To simulate VVC in vitro, VK2-E6E7 cells were infected with C. albicans. Candida albicans biofilm formation, C.
albicans adhesion to VK2-E6E7 cells, and C. albicans-induced cell damage and inflammatory responses were assessed by XTT reduction assay, fluorescence assay, LDH assay, and ELISA. CCK-8 assay was performed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of LA on VK2-E6E7 cells. Western blotting assay was performed to detect protein expression. LA dose-dependently hindered C. albicans biofilm formation and adhesion to VK2-E6E7 cells. Furthermore, LA mitigated cell damage, inhibited the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and attenuated the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in C.
albicans-induced VK2-E6E7 cells. The investigation into LA's impact on the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway revealed that LA downregulated TLR4 expression and inhibited NF-κB activation in C.
albicans-infected VK2-E6E7 cells. Furthermore, TLR4 overexpression partially abated LA-mediated protection, further highlighting the role of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. LA holds the potential to safeguard VECs against C. albicans infection, potentially offering therapeutic avenues for VVC management.
- Effects of Phosphorus‑dissolving Dark Septate Endophytes on the Growth of Blueberry
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Qixin Luo , Rui Hou , Xiaojing Shang , Si Li
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J. Microbiol. 2023;61(9):837-851. Published online October 5, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-023-00080-2
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Abstract
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Dark septate endophytes (DSEs) are widely distributed and improve plant growth. DSEs secrete large amounts of enzymes
to mineralize insoluble phosphorus in soil and convert it into soluble phosphorus, promoting plant uptake of phosphorus.
However, the effects of DSEs with phosphate-solubilizing ability on host plants need further study. In this study, phosphorusdissolving
DSEs were screened for growth-promoting effects. We isolated, identified and characterized three DSE species
(Thozetella neonivea, Pezicula ericae and Hyaloscyphaceae sp.) showing phosphate-solubilizing ability. The impact of single,
dual or triple inoculation of DSEs on blueberry plant characteristics was studied. Their effects on colonization intensity,
seedling biomass, nutrients in plants and soil, and activities of plant resistance enzymes and soil enzymes were markedly
upregulated relative to the control (P < 0.05). The available phosphorus and acid phosphatase levels in different combinations
were significantly increased. These findings indicate that the application of the three DSEs may be valuable in facilitating
the cultivation of blueberry with a higher biomass and improved plant quality.
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- Diversity and Functional Roles of Root-Associated Endophytic Fungi in Two Dominant Pioneer Trees Reclaimed from a Metal Mine Slag Heap in Southwest China
Bo Bi, Yuqing Xiao, Xiaonan Xu, Qianqian Chen, Haiyan Li, Zhiwei Zhao, Tao Li
Microorganisms.2024; 12(10): 2067. CrossRef - Short-term organic fertilizer substitution increases sorghum yield by improving soil physicochemical characteristics and regulating microbial community structure
Mengen Nie, Guangqian Yue, Lei Wang, Yizhong Zhang
Frontiers in Plant Science.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
- Mutational analysis on stable expression and LasB inhibition of LasB propeptide in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Youngsun Shin , Xi-Hui Li , Cheol Seung Lee , Joon-Hee Lee
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J. Microbiol. 2022;60(7):727-734. Published online May 25, 2022
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1671-5
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Abstract
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Three major proteases, elastase B (LasB), protease IV (PIV),
and elastase A (LasA) expressed in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
play important roles in infections and pathogeneses. These
are activated by a proteolytic cascade initiated by the activation
of LasB. In this study, we investigated whether LasB
could be inhibited using its propeptide (LasBpp). Although
LasA and PIV were inhibited by their propeptides, LasB was
not inhibited by purified LasBpp because LasB degraded LasBpp.
To address this problem, mutant LasBpp variants were constructed
to obtain a mutant LasBpp resistant to LasB degradation.
A C-terminal deletion series of LasBpp was tested in
vivo, and two positive candidates, T2 and T2-1, were selected.
However, both caused growth retardation and were unstably
expressed in vivo. Since deleting the C-terminal end of LasBpp
significantly affected its stable expression, substitution mutations
were introduced at the two amino acids near the
truncation site of T2-1. The resulting mutants, LasBppE172D,
LasBppG173A, and LasBppE172DG173A, significantly diminished LasB
activity when overexpressed in vivo and were stably expressed
in MW1, a quorum sensing mutant that does not produce
LasB. In vitro analysis showed that purified LasBppE172DG173A
inhibited LasB activity to a small extent. Summarizing, Cterminal
modification of LasBpp profoundly affected the stable
expression of LasBpp, and little enhanced the ability of
LasBpp to resist degradation by LasB.
- Short-chain fatty acids inhibit the biofilm formation of Streptococcus gordonii through negative regulation of competence-stimulating peptide signaling pathway
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Taehwan Park , Jintaek Im , A Reum Kim , Dongwook Lee , Sungho Jeong , Cheol-Heui Yun , Seung Hyun Han
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J. Microbiol. 2021;59(12):1142-1149. Published online December 4, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-1576-8
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Abstract
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Streptococcus gordonii, a Gram-positive commensal bacterium,
is an opportunistic pathogen closely related to initiation
and progression of various oral diseases, such as periodontitis
and dental caries. Its biofilm formation is linked
with the development of such diseases by enhanced resistance
against antimicrobial treatment or host immunity. In the
present study, we investigated the effect of short-chain fatty
acids (SCFAs) on the biofilm formation of S. gordonii. SCFAs,
including sodium acetate (NaA), sodium propionate (NaP),
and sodium butyrate (NaB), showed an effective inhibitory
activity on the biofilm formation of S. gordonii without reduction
in bacterial growth. SCFAs suppressed S. gordonii
biofilm formation at early time points whereas SCFAs did
not affect its preformed biofilm. A quorum-sensing system
mediated by competence-stimulating peptide (CSP) is known
to regulate biofilm formation of streptococci. Interestingly,
SCFAs substantially decreased mRNA expression of comD
and comE, which are CSP-sensor and its response regulator
responsible for CSP pathway, respectively. Although S. gordonii
biofilm formation was enhanced by exogenous synthetic
CSP treatment, such effect was not observed in the
presence of SCFAs. Collectively, these results suggest that
SCFAs have an anti-biofilm activity on S. gordonii through
inhibiting comD and comE expression which results in negative
regulation of CSP quorum-sensing system. SCFAs could
be an effective anti-biofilm agent against S. gordonii for the
prevention of oral diseases.
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Citations
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- Potential effects of prebiotic fibers on dental caries: a systematic review
Constanza E. Fernández, Catalina Maturana‐Valenzuela, Nicol Rojas‐Castillo, Bob Rosier
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Serotype-Dependent Inhibition of Streptococcus pneumoniae Growth by Short-Chain Fatty Acids
Suwon Lim, Dongwook Lee, Sungho Jeong, Jeong Woo Park, Jintaek Im, Bokeum Choi, Donghyun Gwak, Cheol-Heui Yun, Ho Seong Seo, Seung Hyun Han
Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology.2024; 34(1): 47. CrossRef - Comprehensive Multi-Omic Evaluation of the Microbiota and Metabolites in the Colons of Diverse Swine Breeds
Yanbin Zhu, Guangming Sun, Yangji Cidan, Bin Shi, Zhankun Tan, Jian Zhang, Wangdui Basang
Animals.2024; 14(8): 1221. CrossRef - Recent progress in understanding the role of bacterial extracellular DNA: focus on dental biofilm
Fengxue Geng, Junchao Liu, Jinwen Liu, Ze Lu, Yaping Pan
Critical Reviews in Microbiology.2024; : 1. CrossRef - Effects of Epigallocatechin gallate on Biofilm adherence and Glycolytic pH in Streptococcus gordonii
Prawati Nuraini, Dimas Prasetianto Wicaksono, Ardianti Maartrina Dewi, Adinda Ayu Fitriana, Sili Han
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology.2024; : 4711. CrossRef - Oral Pathogens and Their Antibiotics from Marine Organisms: A Systematic Review of New Drugs for Novel Drug Targets
Sehyeok Im, Jun Hyuck Lee, Youn-Soo Shim
Journal of Dental Hygiene Science.2024; 24(2): 84. CrossRef - Effects of the gut microbiota and its metabolite short-chain fatty acids on endometriosis
Menghe Liu, Ru Peng, Chunfang Tian, Jianping Shi, Jiannan Ma, Ruiwen Shi, Xiao Qi, Rongwei Zhao, Haibin Guan
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Butyrate potentiates Enterococcus faecalis lipoteichoic acid-induced inflammasome activation via histone deacetylase inhibition
Ok-Jin Park, Ye-Eun Ha, Ju-Ri Sim, Dongwook Lee, Eun-Hye Lee, Sun-Young Kim, Cheol-Heui Yun, Seung Hyun Han
Cell Death Discovery.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Gut microbiota short-chain fatty acids and their impact on the host thyroid function and diseases
María José Mendoza-León, Ashutosh K. Mangalam, Alejandro Regaldiz, Enrique González-Madrid, Ma. Andreina Rangel-Ramírez, Oscar Álvarez-Mardonez, Omar P. Vallejos, Constanza Méndez, Susan M. Bueno, Felipe Melo-González, Yorley Duarte, Ma. Cecilia Opazo, Al
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Crosstalk between microbial biofilms in the gastrointestinal tract and chronic mucosa diseases
Yumeng Wang, Shixi Xu, Qiurong He, Kun Sun, Xiaowan Wang, Xiaorui Zhang, Yuqing Li, Jumei Zeng
Frontiers in Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Listening to enteric bacteria from the perspective of antibiotic alternatives in animal husbandry
Leli Wang, Yiru Zhang, Juan Xu, Qingqing Shi, Yao Peng, Cimin Long, Lan Li, Yulong Yin
The Innovation Life.2023; 1(2): 100022. CrossRef - The Complicated Relationship of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Oral Microbiome: A Narrative Review
Georgy E. Leonov, Yurgita R. Varaeva, Elena N. Livantsova, Antonina V. Starodubova
Biomedicines.2023; 11(10): 2749. CrossRef - Social networking at the microbiome-host interface
Richard J. Lamont, George Hajishengallis, Hyun Koo, Anthony R. Richardson
Infection and Immunity.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Making Sense of Quorum Sensing at the Intestinal Mucosal Interface
Friederike Uhlig, Niall P. Hyland
Cells.2022; 11(11): 1734. CrossRef - Food-Grade Bacteria Combat Pathogens by Blocking AHL-Mediated Quorum Sensing and Biofilm Formation
Kirsi Savijoki, Paola San-Martin-Galindo, Katriina Pitkänen, Minnamari Edelmann, Annika Sillanpää, Cim van der Velde, Ilkka Miettinen, Jayendra Z. Patel, Jari Yli-Kauhaluoma, Mataleena Parikka, Adyary Fallarero, Pekka Varmanen
Foods.2022; 12(1): 90. CrossRef - Innate immunity and microbial dysbiosis in hidradenitis suppurativa – vicious cycle of chronic inflammation
Divya Chopra, Rachel A. Arens, Watcharee Amornpairoj, Michelle A. Lowes, Marjana Tomic-Canic, Natasa Strbo, Hadar Lev-Tov, Irena Pastar
Frontiers in Immunology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Drugs for the Quorum Sensing Inhibition of Oral Biofilm: New Frontiers and Insights in the Treatment of Periodontitis
Alessandro Polizzi, Martina Donzella, Giada Nicolosi, Simona Santonocito, Paolo Pesce, Gaetano Isola
Pharmaceutics.2022; 14(12): 2740. CrossRef
- Effects of digested Cheonggukjang on human microbiota assessed by in vitro fecal fermentation
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Vineet Singh , Nakwon Hwang , Gwangpyo Ko , Unno Tatsuya
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J. Microbiol. 2021;59(2):217-227. Published online February 1, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-0525-x
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Abstract
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In vitro fecal fermentation is an assay that uses fecal microbes
to ferment foods, the results of which can be used to
evaluate the potential of prebiotic candidates. To date, there
have been various protocols used for in vitro fecal fermentation-
based assessments of food substances. In this study,
we investigated how personal gut microbiota differences and
external factors affect the results of in vitro fecal fermentation
assays. We used Cheonggukjang (CGJ), a Korean traditional
fermented soybean soup that is acknowledged as
healthy functional diet. CGJ was digested in vitro using acids
and enzymes, and then fermented with human feces anaerobically.
After fecal fermentation, the microbiota was analyzed
using MiSeq, and the amount of short chain fatty acids
(SCFAs) were measured using GC-MS. Our results suggest
that CGJ was effectively metabolized by fecal bacteria to produce
SCFAs, and this process resulted in an increase in the
abundance of Coprococcus, Ruminococcus, and Bifidobacterium
and a reduction in the growth of Sutterella, an opportunistic
pathogen. The metabolic activities predicted from the
microbiota shifts indicated enhanced metabolism linked to
methionine biosynthesis and depleted chondroitin sulfate
degradation. Moreover, the amount of SCFAs and microbiota
shifts varied depending on personal microbiota differences.
Our findings also suggest that in vitro fecal fermentation of
CGJ for longer durations may partially affect certain fecal
microbes. Overall, the study discusses the usability of in vitro
gastrointestinal digestion and fecal fermentation (GIDFF)
to imitate the effects of diet-induced microbiome modulation
and its impact on the host.
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Citations
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- Significance of Soy-Based Fermented Food and Their Bioactive Compounds Against Obesity, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Diseases
Sushmita Dwivedi, Vineet Singh, Kritika Sharma, Amani Sliti, Mamta Baunthiyal, Jae-Ho Shin
Plant Foods for Human Nutrition.2024; 79(1): 1. CrossRef - Fermented foods: Harnessing their potential to modulate the microbiota-gut-brain axis for mental health
Ramya Balasubramanian, Elizabeth Schneider, Eoin Gunnigle, Paul D. Cotter, John F. Cryan
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews.2024; 158: 105562. CrossRef - The nutrition and therapeutic potential of millets: an updated narrative review
Jinu Jacob, Veda Krishnan, Chris Antony, Masimukka Bhavyasri, C. Aruna, Kiran Mishra, Thirunavukkarasu Nepolean, Chellapilla Tara Satyavathi, Kurella B. R. S. Visarada
Frontiers in Nutrition.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Effects of OsomeFood Clean Label plant-based meals on the gut microbiome
Dwiyanto Jacky, Chia Bibi, Look Melvin Chee Meng, Fong Jason, Tan Gwendoline, Lim Jeremy, Chong Chun Wie
BMC Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Fermented soybean foods and diabetes
Yoshitaka Hashimoto, Masahide Hamaguchi, Michiaki Fukui
Journal of Diabetes Investigation.2023; 14(12): 1329. CrossRef - Early response of the gut microbiome and serum metabolites to Cheonggukjang intake in healthy Korean subjects
Eun-Ji Song, Min Jung Kim, Chang Hwa Jung, Won-Hyong Chung, Young-Do Nam, Mi Young Lim
Journal of Functional Foods.2023; 101: 105420. CrossRef - Role, relevance, and possibilities of in vitro fermentation models in human dietary, and gut‐microbial studies
Vineet Singh, HyunWoo Son, GyuDae Lee, Sunwoo Lee, Tatsuya Unno, Jae‐Ho Shin
Biotechnology and Bioengineering.2022; 119(11): 3044. CrossRef - Evaluation of Prebiotics through an In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion and Fecal Fermentation Experiment: Further Idea on the Implementation of Machine Learning Technique
Hokyung Song, Dabin Jeon, Tatsuya Unno
Foods.2022; 11(16): 2490. CrossRef - Anti-diabetic prospects of dietary bio-actives of millets and the significance of the gut microbiota: A case of finger millet
Vineet Singh, GyuDae Lee, HyunWoo Son, Sliti Amani, Mamta Baunthiyal, Jae-Ho Shin
Frontiers in Nutrition.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Current Perspectives on the Physiological Activities of Fermented Soybean-Derived Cheonggukjang
Il-Sup Kim, Cher-Won Hwang, Woong-Suk Yang, Cheorl-Ho Kim
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2021; 22(11): 5746. CrossRef - Alleviation of Neuronal Cell Death and Memory Deficit with Chungkookjang Made with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis Potentially through Promoting Gut–Brain Axis in Artery-Occluded Gerbils
Ting Zhang, Myeong-Seon Ryu, Xuangao Wu, Hee-Jong Yang, Su Ji Jeong, Ji-Won Seo, Do-Yeon Jeong, Sunmin Park
Foods.2021; 10(11): 2697. CrossRef - The final fate of food: On the establishment of in vitro colon models
Saartje Hernalsteens, Song Huang, Hai Hua Cong, Xiao Dong Chen
Food Research International.2021; 150: 110743. CrossRef - In Vitro Simulation of Human Colonic Fermentation: A Practical Approach towards Models’ Design and Analytical Tools
Elena Veintimilla-Gozalbo, Andrea Asensio-Grau, Joaquim Calvo-Lerma, Ana Heredia, Ana Andrés
Applied Sciences.2021; 11(17): 8135. CrossRef
Review
- [MINIREVIEW]Regulation of gene expression by protein lysine acetylation in Salmonella
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Hyojeong Koo , Shinae Park , Min-Kyu Kwak , Jung-Shin Lee
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J. Microbiol. 2020;58(12):979-987. Published online November 17, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-0483-8
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49
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Abstract
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Protein lysine acetylation influences many physiological functions,
such as gene regulation, metabolism, and disease in
eukaryotes. Although little is known about the role of lysine
acetylation in bacteria, several reports have proposed its importance
in various cellular processes. Here, we discussed the
function of the protein lysine acetylation and the post-translational
modifications (PTMs) of histone-like proteins in bacteria
focusing on Salmonella pathogenicity. The protein lysine
residue in Salmonella is acetylated by the Pat-mediated enzymatic
pathway or by the acetyl phosphate-mediated non-enzymatic
pathway. In Salmonella, the acetylation of lysine 102
and lysine 201 on PhoP inhibits its protein activity and DNAbinding,
respectively. Lysine acetylation of the transcriptional
regulator, HilD, also inhibits pathogenic gene expression.
Moreover, it has been reported that the protein acetylation
patterns significantly differ in the drug-resistant and
-sensitive Salmonella strains. In addition, nucleoid-associated
proteins such as histone-like nucleoid structuring protein
(H-NS) are critical for the gene silencing in bacteria, and
PTMs in H-NS also affect the gene expression. In this review,
we suggest that protein lysine acetylation and the post-translational
modifications of H-NS are important factors in understanding
the regulation of gene expression responsible
for pathogenicity in Salmonella.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Bacterial protein acetylation: mechanisms, functions, and methods for study
Jocelin Rizo, Sergio Encarnación-Guevara
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Acetyl-proteome profiling revealed the role of lysine acetylation in erythromycin resistance of Staphylococcus aureus
Miao Feng, Xiaoyu Yi, Yanling Feng, Feng He, Zonghui Xiao, Hailan Yao
Heliyon.2024; 10(15): e35326. CrossRef - Short-chain fatty acids in breast milk and their relationship with the infant gut microbiota
Menglu Xi, Yalu Yan, Sufang Duan, Ting Li, Ignatius Man-Yau Szeto, Ai Zhao
Frontiers in Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Global Insights into the Lysine Acetylome Reveal the Role of Lysine Acetylation in the Adaptation of Bacillus altitudinis to Salt Stress
Xujian Li, Shanshan Dai, Shanshan Sun, Dongying Zhao, Hui Li, Junyi Zhang, Jie Ma, Binghai Du, Yanqin Ding
Journal of Proteome Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Acetylomics reveals an extensive acetylation diversity within Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Nand Broeckaert, Hannelore Longin, Hanne Hendrix, Jeroen De Smet, Mirita Franz-Wachtel, Boris Maček, Vera van Noort, Rob Lavigne
microLife.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Lysine acetylation regulates the AT-rich DNA possession ability of H-NS
Yabo Liu, Mengqing Zhou, Yifan Bu, Liang Qin, Yuanxing Zhang, Shuai Shao, Qiyao Wang
Nucleic Acids Research.2024; 52(4): 1645. CrossRef -
Acetylation of K188 and K192 inhibits the DNA-binding ability of NarL to regulate
Salmonella
virulence
Liu-Qing Zhang, Yi-Lin Shen, Bang-Ce Ye, Ying Zhou, Christopher A. Elkins
Applied and Environmental Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Acetylome and Succinylome Profiling of Edwardsiella tarda Reveals Key Roles of Both Lysine Acylations in Bacterial Antibiotic Resistance
Yuying Fu, Lishan Zhang, Huanhuan Song, Junyan Liao, Li Lin, Wenjia Jiang, Xiaoyun Wu, Guibin Wang
Antibiotics.2022; 11(7): 841. CrossRef - Pat- and Pta-mediated protein acetylation is required for horizontally-acquired virulence gene expression in Salmonella Typhimurium
Hyojeong Koo, Eunna Choi, Shinae Park, Eun-Jin Lee, Jung-Shin Lee
Journal of Microbiology.2022; 60(8): 823. CrossRef -
Acetylation of CspC Controls the Las Quorum-Sensing System through Translational Regulation of
rsaL
in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Shouyi Li, Xuetao Gong, Liwen Yin, Xiaolei Pan, Yongxin Jin, Fang Bai, Zhihui Cheng, Un-Hwan Ha, Weihui Wu, Pierre Cornelis, Gerald B. Pier
mBio.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Trans-acting regulators of ribonuclease activity
Jaejin Lee, Minho Lee, Kangseok Lee
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Shouyi Li, Yuding Weng, Xiaoxiao Li, Zhuo Yue, Zhouyi Chai, Xinxin Zhang, Xuetao Gong, Xiaolei Pan, Yongxin Jin, Fang Bai, Zhihui Cheng, Weihui Wu
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Michał Wójcicki, Olga Świder, Kamila J. Daniluk, Paulina Średnicka, Monika Akimowicz, Marek Ł. Roszko, Barbara Sokołowska, Edyta Juszczuk-Kubiak
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Journal Articles
- Differences in the gut microbiota between Cercopithecinae and Colobinae in captivity
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Zongjin Huan , Yongfang Yao , Jianqiu Yu , Hongwei Chen , Meirong Li , Chaojun Yang , Bo Zhao , Qingyong Ni , Mingwang Zhang , Meng Xie , Huailiang Xu
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J. Microbiol. 2020;58(5):367-376. Published online March 28, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-9493-9
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Abstract
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The gut microbiome of captive primates can provide a window
into their health and disease status. The diversity and
composition of gut microbiota are influenced by not only
host phylogeny, but also host diet. Old World monkeys (Cercopithecidae)
are divided into two subfamilies: Cercopithecinae
and Colobinae. The diet and physiological digestive features
differ between these two subfamilies. Accordingly, highthroughput
sequencing was used to examine gut microbiota
differences between these two subfamilies, using data from
29 Cercopithecinae individuals and 19 Colobinae individuals
raised in captivity. Through a comparative analysis of operational
taxonomic units (OTUs), significant differences in the
diversity and composition of gut microbiota were observed
between Cercopithecinae and Colobinae. In particular, the gut
microbiota of captive Old World monkeys clustered strongly
by the two subfamilies. The Colobinae microbial diversity was
higher than that of Cercopithecinae. Additionally, Firmicutes,
Lactobacillaceae, Veillonellaceae, and Prevotella abundance
were higher in Cercopithecinae, while Bacteroidetes, Ruminococcaceae,
Christensenellaceae, Bacteroidaceae, and Acidaminococcaceae
abundance were higher in Colobinae. PICRUSt
analysis revealed that the predicted metagenomes of metabolic
pathways associated with proteins, carbohydrates, and
amino acids were significantly higher in Colobinae. In the
context of host phylogeny, these differences between Cercopithecinae
and Colobinae could reflect adaptations associated
with their respective diets. This well-organized dataset is a
valuable resource for future related research on primates and
gut microbiota. Moreover, this study may provide useful insight
into animal management practices and primate conservation.
-
Citations
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Science Advances.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - β-mannanase supplemented in diets saved 85 to 100 kcal of metabolizable energy/kg, supporting growth performance and improving nutrient digestibility in grower pigs
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Frontiers in Microbiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - The gut microbiota of gibbons across host genus and captive site in China
Li‐Ying Lan, Yu‐Yan You, Qi‐Xuan Hong, Qun‐Xiu Liu, Chun‐Zhong Xu, Wu Chen, Ying‐Di Zhu, Xue‐Qing Du, Peng‐Fei Fan
American Journal of Primatology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Fecal Bacterial Community of Allopatric Przewalski’s Gazelles and Their Sympatric Relatives
Ruoshuang Liu, Jianbin Shi, Susanne Shultz, Dongsheng Guo, Dingzhen Liu
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Current Research in Microbial Sciences.2021; 2: 100048. CrossRef
- Jejubacter calystegiae gen. nov., sp. nov., moderately halophilic, a new member of the family Enterobacteriaceae, isolated from beach morning glory
-
Lingmin Jiang , Dexin Wang , Jung-Sook Lee , Dae-Hyuk Kim , Jae Cheol Jeong , Cha Young Kim , Suk Weon Kim , Jiyoung Lee
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J. Microbiol. 2020;58(5):357-366. Published online March 27, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-9294-1
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8
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Abstract
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Strain KSNA2T, a Gram-negative, moderately halophilic, facultatively
anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium, was isolated
from the surface-sterilized stem tissue of a beach morning
glory (Calystegia soldanella) plant in Chuja Island, Jejudo,
Republic of Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S
rRNA gene and whole-genome sequences revealed that strain
KSNA2T formed a distinct lineage within the family Enterobacteriaceae,
with the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity
to Izhakiella australiensis KCTC 72143T (96.2%) and
Izhakiella capsodis KCTC 72142T (96.0%), exhibited 95.5–
95.9% similarity to other genera in the family Enterobacteriaceae
and Erwiniaceae. Conserved signature indels analysis
elucidated that strain KSNA2T was delimited into family
Enterobacteriaceae. KSNA2T genome comprises a circular
chromosome of 5,182,800 bp with 56.1% G + C content. Digital
DNA-DNA relatedness levels between strain KSNA2T
and 18 closely related species were 19.3 to 21.1%. Average
nucleotide identity values were between 72.0 and 76.7%.
Growth of strain KSNA2T was observed at 4 to 45°C (optimum,
25°C) and pH 5.0 to 12.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) in the
presence of 0 to 11% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0–7%). The major
cellular fatty acids (> 10%) were C16:0 followed by summed
feature 8 (C18:1 ω7c and/or C18:1 ω6c), summed feature
3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or C16:1 ω6c), C17:0 cyclo, and C14:0. The major
isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone-8 (Q-8). With combined
phylogenetic, genomic, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic
features, strain KSNA2T represents a novel species of
a new genus in the family Enterobacteriaceae, for which the
name Jejubacter calystegiae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed.
The type strain is KSNA2T (= KCTC 72234T = CCTCC AB
2019098T).
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Clinical Microbiology Reviews.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Reviews
- Functional interplay between the oxidative stress response and DNA damage checkpoint signaling for genome maintenance in aerobic organisms
-
Ji Eun Choi , Woo-Hyun Chung
-
J. Microbiol. 2020;58(2):81-91. Published online December 23, 2019
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-9520-x
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46
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10
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9
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Abstract
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The DNA damage checkpoint signaling pathway is a highly
conserved surveillance mechanism that ensures genome integrity
by sequential activation of protein kinase cascades.
In mammals, the main pathway is orchestrated by two central
sensor kinases, ATM and ATR, that are activated in response
to DNA damage and DNA replication stress. Patients
lacking functional ATM or ATR suffer from ataxia-telangiectasia
(A-T) or Seckel syndrome, respectively, with pleiotropic
degenerative phenotypes. In addition to DNA strand
breaks, ATM and ATR also respond to oxidative DNA damage
and reactive oxygen species (ROS), suggesting an unconventional
function as regulators of intracellular redox status.
Here, we summarize the multiple roles of ATM and ATR, and
of their orthologs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Tel1 and Mec1,
in DNA damage checkpoint signaling and the oxidative stress
response, and discuss emerging ideas regarding the possible
mechanisms underlying the elaborate crosstalk between those
pathways. This review may provide new insights into the integrated
cellular strategies responsible for maintaining genome
stability in eukaryotes with a focus on the yeast model
organism.
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- [Minireview] Unraveling new functions of superoxide dismutase using yeast model system: Beyond its conventional role in superoxide radical scavenging
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Woo-Hyun Chung ,
-
J. Microbiol. 2017;55(6):409-416. Published online March 9, 2017
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-017-6647-5
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48
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39
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Abstract
-
To deal with chemically reactive oxygen molecules constantly threatening aerobic life, cells are readily equipped with elabo-rate biological antioxidant systems. Superoxide dismutase is a metalloenzyme catalytically eliminating superoxide radi-cal as a first-line defense mechanism against oxidative stress. Multiple different SOD isoforms have been developed through-out evolution to play distinct roles in separate subcellular com-partments. SOD is not essential for viability of most aerobic organisms and intriguingly found even in strictly anaerobic bacteria. Sod1 has recently been known to play important roles as a nuclear transcription factor, an RNA binding pro-tein, a synthetic lethal interactor, and a signal modulator in glucose metabolism, most of which are independent of its canonical function as an antioxidant enzyme. In this review, recent advances in understanding the unconventional role of Sod1 are highlighted and discussed with an emphasis on its genetic crosstalk with DNA damage repair/checkpoint path-ways. The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been successfully used as an efficient tool and a model organism to investigate a number of novel functions of Sod1.
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Journal Article
- RraAS2 requires both scaffold domains of RNase ES for high-affinity binding and inhibitory action on the ribonucleolytic activity
-
Jihune Heo , Daeyoung Kim , Minju Joo , Boeun Lee , Sojin Seo , Jaejin Lee , Saemee Song , Ji-Hyun Yeom , Nam-Chul Ha , Kangseok Lee
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J. Microbiol. 2016;54(10):660-666. Published online September 30, 2016
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-016-6417-9
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50
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9
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Abstract
-
RraA is a protein inhibitor of RNase E (Rne), which catalyzes
the endoribonucleolytic cleavage of a large proportion
of RNAs in Escherichia coli. The antibiotic‐producing bacterium
Streptomyces coelicolor also contains homologs of
RNase E and RraA, designated as RNase ES (Rns), RraAS1,
and RraAS2, respectively. Here, we report that RraAS2 requires
both scaffold domains of RNase ES for high-affinity
binding and inhibitory action on the ribonucleolytic activity.
Analyses of the steady-state level of RNase E substrates indicated
that coexpression of RraAS2 in E. coli cells overproducing
Rns effectively inhibits the ribonucleolytic activity of
full-length RNase ES, but its inhibitory effects were moderate
or undetectable on other truncated forms of Rns, in which the
N- or/and C-terminal scaffold domain was deleted. In addition,
RraAS2 more efficiently inhibited the in vitro ribonucleolytic
activity of RNase ES than that of a truncated form
containing the catalytic domain only. Coimmunoprecipitation
and in vivo cross-linking experiments further showed
necessity of both scaffold domains of RNase ES for high-affinity
binding of RraAS2 to the enzyme, resulting in decreased
RNA-binding capacity of RNase ES. Our results indicate that
RraAS2 is a protein inhibitor of RNase ES and provide clues
to how this inhibitor affects the ribonucleolytic activity of
RNase ES.
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Identification of the global regulatory roles of RraA via the integrative transcriptome and proteome in
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George H. Jones
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Jaejin Lee, Eunkyoung Shin, Ji-Hyun Yeom, Jaeyoung Park, Sunwoo Kim, Minho Lee, Kangseok Lee
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Nohra Park, Jihune Heo, Saemee Song, Inseong Jo, Kangseok Lee, Nam-Chul Ha
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Review
- MINIREVIEW] Regulation of Escherichia coli RNase III activity
-
Boram Lim , Minji Sim , Howoon Lee , Seogang Hyun , Younghoon Lee , Yoonsoo Hahn , Eunkyoung Shin , Kangseok Lee
-
J. Microbiol. 2015;53(8):487-494. Published online July 31, 2015
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-5323-x
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81
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12
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Abstract
-
Bacterial cells respond to changes in the environment by
adjusting their physiological reactions. In cascades of cellular
responses to stresses of various origins, rapid modulation
of RNA function is known to be an effective biochemical
adaptation. Among many factors affecting RNA function,
RNase III, a member of the phylogenetically highly conserved
endoribonuclease III family, plays a key role in posttranscriptional
regulatory pathways in Escherichia coli. In
this review, we provide an overview of the factors affecting
RNase III activity in E. coli.
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Function of VP2 Protein in the Stability of the Secondary Structure of Virus-like Particles of Genogroup II Norovirus at Different pH Levels: Function of VP2 Protein in the Stability of NoV VLPs
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Yao Lin , Li Fengling , Wang Lianzhu , Zhai Yuxiu , Jiang Yanhua
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J. Microbiol. 2014;52(11):970-975. Published online October 3, 2014
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-014-4323-6
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Abstract
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VP2 is the minor structural protein of noroviruses (NoV) and may function in NoV particle stability. To determine the function of VP2 in the stability of the NoV particle, we constructed and purified two kinds of virus-like particles (VLPs), namely, VLPs (VP1) and VLPs (VP1+VP2), from Sf9 cells infected with recombinant baculoviruses by using a Bac-to-Bac? baculovirus expression system. The two kinds of VLPs were treated with different phosphate buffers (pH 2 to pH 8); the secondary structure was then analyzed by far UV circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Results showed
that significant disruptions of the secondary structure of proteins were not observed at pH 2 to pH 7. At pH 8, the percentages of α-helix, β-sheet, and β-turn in VLPs (VP1) were decreased from 11% to 8%, from 37% to 32%, and from 20% to 16%, respectively. The percentage of coil was increased from 32% to 44%. By contrast, the percentages of α-helix, β-sheet, and β-turn in VLPs (VP1+VP2) were decreased
from 11% to 10%, from 37% to 35%, and from 20% to 19%, respectively. The percentage of coil was increased from 32% to 36%. VLPs (VP1+VP2) was likely more stable than VLPs (VP1), as indicated by the percentage of the secondary
structures analyzed by CD. These results suggested that VP2 could stabilize the secondary structure of VLPs under alkaline pH conditions. This study provided novel
insights into the molecular mechanism of the function of VP2 in the stability of NoV particles.
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Review
- MINIREVIEW] To Peep into Pif1 Helicase: Multifaceted All the Way from Genome Stability to Repair-Associated DNA Synthesis
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Woo-Hyun Chung
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J. Microbiol. 2014;52(2):89-98. Published online February 1, 2014
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-014-3524-3
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50
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Abstract
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Pif1 DNA helicase is the prototypical member of a 5' to 3' helicase superfamily conserved from bacteria to humans. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pif1 and its homologue Rrm3, localize in both mitochondria and nucleus playing multiple roles in the maintenance of genomic homeostasis. They display relatively weak processivities in vitro, but have largely non-overlapping functions on common genomic loci such as mitochondrial DNA, telomeric ends, and many replication forks especially at hard-to-replicate regions including ribosomal DNA and G-quadruplex structures. Recently, emerging evidence shows that Pif1, but not Rrm3, has a significant new role in repair-associated DNA synthesis with Polδ during homologous recombination stimulating D-loop migration for conservative DNA replication. Comparative genetic and biochemical studies on the structure and function of Pif1 family helicases across different biological systems are further needed to elucidate both diversity and specificity of their mechanisms of action that contribute to genome stability.
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Citations
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- Signification and Application of Mutator and Antimutator Phenotype-Induced Genetic Variations in Evolutionary Adaptation and Cancer Therapeutics
Woo-Hyun Chung
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Journal Article
- Characterization of Trichoderma reesei Endoglucanase II Expressed Heterologously in Pichia pastoris for Better Biofinishing and Biostoning
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Sutanu Samanta , Asitava Basu , Umesh Chandra Halder , Soumitra Kumar Sen
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J. Microbiol. 2012;50(3):518-525. Published online June 30, 2012
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-012-1207-5
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Abstract
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The endoglucanase II of Trichoderma reesei is considered the most effective enzyme for biofinishing cotton fabrics and biostoning denim garments. However, the commercially available preparation of endoglucanase II is usually mixed with other cellulase components, especially endoglucanase I, resulting in hydrolysis and weight loss of garments during biofinishing and biostoning. We thus isolated the endoglucanase II gene from T. reesei to express this in Pichia pastoris, under the control of a methanol-inducible AOX1 promoter, to avoid the presence of other cellulase components. A highly expressible Mut+ transformant was selected and its expression in BMMH medium was found most suitable for the production of large amounts of the recombinant protein. Recombinant endoglucanase II was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity, and functionally characterized by activity staining. The specific activity of recombinant endoglucanase II was found to be 220.57 EU/mg of protein. Purified recombinant endoglucanase II was estimated to have a molecular mass of 52.8 kDa. The increase in molecular mass was likely due to hyperglycosylation. Hyperglycosylation of recombinant endoglucanase II secreted by P. pastoris did not change the temperature or pH optima as compared to the native protein, but did result in increased thermostability. Kinetic analysis showed that recombinant endoglucanase was most active against amorphous cellulose, such as carboxymethyl cellulose, for which it also had a high affinity.